Effect of Vitamin B9 on Performance of Animal: A Review.

Folacin and folate are generic terms used to describe folic acid and relation compounds which exhibit the biological activity of folic acid. The terms folacin, folate, and folic acid will be used interchangeably. For animals, folacin needs are met principally with dietary sources and to some extent with intestinal bacterial synthesis. Different species vary in ability to utilize microbial intestinal synthesis as a source of folacin. Poultry need supplemental folacin under certain conditions. Folacin supplementation is most important when poultry receive diets containing sulfa drugs and grains contaminated by toxin producing molds. To maximize reproductive efficiency, gestating non-ruminant often receive supplemental folacin.

Prevalence of pulmonary hypertension in patients with chronic kidney disease on and without dialysis

Background: Pulmonary arterial hypertension is a newly recognized disease in patients with renal disease. In a recent review, the prevalence of PHT in ESRD patients was reported to be around 40-50%

Aim of the work: To evaluate the prevalence of primary pulmonary hypertension among CKD patients on and without dialysis and to compare clinical, hemodynamic, and metabolic variables among patients with and without PH to search for possible etiologic factors

Patients and methods: Our study included 99 CKD patients; 65 patients on hemodialysis, 12 on peritoneal dialysis and 22 on conservative management. Detailed medical history, examination, and complete laboratory investigations were obtained. Systolic PAP, EF% and cardiac output were evaluated by Doppler echocardiography and AVF flow by Doppler ultrasound

Results: A high prevalence of pulmonary hypertension was demonstrated among 27 patients [41.53%] receiving long-term hemodialysis with a mean systolic PAP of 49.33 +/- 9.18 mmHg; as well as in two patients [16.66%] receiving peritoneal dialysis 43 +/- 1.41 mmHg, and in five patients [[22.72%] receiving conservative management 44.8 +/- 5.89 mmHg

Conclusion: This study demonstrated a high prevalence of pulmonary hypertension among patients with CKD on and without dialysis. The prevalence was highest among patients with ESRD receiving long-term hemodialysis [41.53%] especially in patients with older age, longer duration of dialysis treatment, higher AV fistula flow, cardiac output

Bone marrow cells ameliorate liver fibrosis and express albumin after transplantation in CCl [4] -induced fibrotic liver

We investigated the effect of bone marrow-derived stem cell [BMSC] transplantation on carbon tetrachloride [CCl [4]]-induced liver fibrosis. BMSCs of green fluorescent protein [GFP] mice were transplanted into 4-week CCl [4] -treated C57BL/6 mice directly to the liver, and the mice were treated for 4 more weeks with CCl [4] [total, 8 weeks]. After sacrificing the animals, quantitative data of percentage fibrosis area and the number of cells expressing albumin was obtained. One-way analysis of variance was applied to calculate the significance of the data. GFP expressing cells clearly indicated migrated BMSCs with strong expression of albumin after 28 days post-transplantation shown by anti-albumin antibody. Double fluorescent immunohistochemistry showed reduced expression of alpha SMA on GFP-positive cells. Four weeks after BMSC transplantation, mice had significantly reduced liver fibrosis as compared with that of mice treated with CCl [4] assessed by Sirius red staining. Mice with BMSC transplantation with continuous CCl [4] injection had reduced liver fibrosis and a significantly improved expression of albumin compared with mice treated with CCl [4] alone. These findings strengthen the concept of cellular therapy in liver fibrosis

Evidence-based practice: a mean for quality nursing care

Health care changes are occurring rapidly and dramatically in this twenty-first century and producing multifaceted challenges for health care providers. The Millennium Development Goals grew out of the commitments made in the United Nations in September 2000, and aim to focus the efforts of the world community on achieving significant, measurable improvement in people's lives. This State of Art aimed to highlight how can evidence - based practice be a mean for providing high quality nursing care with accountability to individuals and families when practice decisions are based upon scientific evidence and data. A proposed strategic plan for implementation of evidence-based practice and the use of the best evidence available, so that the clinician and the patient arrive at the best decision, taking into account the need and values of the individual patient. It is a movement from basing practice upon tradition, authority or past experience to creativity and decision making based on sound knowledge driven from best research evidence to improve outcomes, High quality care and Patient Centered Care. Professional nurses cannot plead ignorance of new knowledge and practices because part of professional accountability requires .keeping up with new practice developments. The requirement for nursing to become a research- based profession has been recognized in a way of not only choosing research-based practice, but taking the further step of selecting suitable "strong research" on which to base the practice. Clinical guidelines are a potential means by which evidence can be incorporated into nursing practice as prerequisite for high-quality care

Distribution of different metals in coastal waters of Alexandria, Egypt

Seasonal variation of some heavy metals [Fe, MN, Cu, Cd, Pb, Co, Ni, Cr, Sn and Al] are estimated at surface and bottom waters from 10 stations at near-shore, Alexandria coast during 2004. Salinity [16.20-39.10] and pH values [alkaline side] were also measured. The concentrations of heavy metals are at high levels in regions receiving different effluents from wastes of El-Mex region. A comparative study between the different stations was carried out to evaluate the effect of sewage, agricultural and industrial wastes discharged into some regions of Alexandria coast. Different statistical treatments were carried out to calculate the correlation coefficients between metals and the annual average variation

[Appointment of correlation between stroke and serum level of homocysteine, folic acid and vitamin B[12]]

Background: a stroke, or cerebrovascular accident [CVA], occurs when blood supply to part of the brain is disrupted, causing brain cells to die. Often by a blood clot or a fatty deposit due to atherosclerosis. CVA is third cause of death in the world and the most common causes of neurologic dysfunctions. There are different risk factors associated with CVA including systolic or diastolic hypertension, hyperlipidemia, smoking, alcohol abuse. Moderately increased concentration of homocysteine without homocystuinoria associated with increase of atherosclerosis, CVA and over ally mortality. The most common form of hyperhomocysteinemia is genetic. Increased serum level of homocysteine may reflect deficiency of folate, vitB6 and vitB[12]

Materials and Methods: to determine the relationship between serum level of homocysteine, folic acid and vitB[12] and CVA this study was done at a case control survey in 2008 in 40 known case of CVA and 40 control cases are selected among the out patient of neurology clinics of neurologist in kashan city. Demographic data and other inhumation [age, sex, ...] match at case and control groupe. 2cc venous blood of each patient tested for serum level of homocysteine folic acid and vitB[12] [with HPLC] and of all cases and control classified and analyzed

Results: among 40 CVA cases 52/5 female [21cses] 47/5 male [19 cases] and in control groupe 50 female [20 cases] and 50 male [20 cases]. The mean of the ages at cases attached was 67/15 and in control groups was 63/5 and all of the cases and controls was 65/32 and there was a not meaningful difference between two groups. In this study the mean of serum level of homocysteine at case attached was 15/56 +/- 4/69 µmol/l and in control group was 10/15 +/- 4/7 µmol/l And there was meaning full difference between two groups [P<0/05]. The mean of serum level of folic acid was 8/405 +/- 5/33 ng/ml in case groups was and in control groups 10/87 +/- 8/02ng/ml there was meaning full difference between two groupes [P<0.005]. The mean of serum level of vitB[12] in cases attached was 389.02 +/- 208.02 pg/ml and in control groups was 522.82 +/- 218.3 pg/ml and there was meaning full difference between two groups [P<0.05]

Conclusions: this study showed correlation between CVA and serum level of homocysteine, folic acid and vitamin B[12]. It is recommended to conduct prospective studies to evaluate the cause and effect between these supplements and stroke and practical ways of prevention of CVA

Water chemistry of El-Mex Bay, West of Alexandria, Egypt

The physico-chemical properties of surface water of EI-Mex Bay were studied during the period [autumn 2004- summer 2005] for evaluating the effect of the contamination with different types of pollutants [sewage, agricultural, industrial and domestic] on the water chemistry of EI-Mex Bay. Temperature, salinity, pH, DO, nutrient salts [NO[-2], NO[-3], SiO[2-], PO[3-][4] and NH[3]], total alkalinity, OOM, and water hardness were measured from nine stations representing the bay. Nutrient salts are of increased contents compared to the reported data. A statistical correlation studies between the different parameters are computed. The chemical types of water of the surface layer of EI-Mex Bay water are explained based on the known Palmer-Roger and Durov models to discuss the hypothetical salts of water and found to be of the types Mg [HCO[3]][2], and Mgcl[2]

Studies on fluoride-zirconium alizarin red Sreaction

The stoichiometry of Zirconium-Alizarin red S [Zr-ARS] was determined by different spectrophotometric methods [molar ratio, straight line, continuous variation, slope ratio and limiting logarithmic] at lambda 520 nm. The stoichiometry of [Zr-ARS] complex was 1:1. The pK values were obtained. The straight-line method for Zr-ARS-F complex reaction pointing to the formation of 1: 1:1 species. The latter reaction was affected by different factors such as acidity, temperature, time, the content of the blank and the constituents of synthetic seawater. The kinetics of the formation Zr- ARS complex was studied at different temperatures and variable fluoride concentrations. The rate constant, the energy of activation [E[a]] and the enthalpy [delta H] values were calculated

Electronic sepctral properties of substituted azouracil compounds

Synthesis of 5-[substituted phenylazo] uracil compounds [I] have been reported. The analytical data and 1H-NMR are used to elucidate the structures. The electronic spectral properties of the organic compounds were investigated in presence of different solvents and at different pH's. The pK's values were determined and related with the molecular structure of the compounds. The electronic transitions were assigned. The phenomenon of tautomerism was explained. The shifts in peak locations in the electronic spectra of the organic compounds have been correlated with different solvent polarity parameters. X = -H; 2-CH3;3CH3;3-OH; 2-COOH; 4-COOH; 2-Cl; 3-Cl; 4-Cl; 2-Br; 3-NO2 2,5-diCH3 2,5-diCI and 2,4-diCI

Solvent induced spectral shifts of some azo-oxime organic compounds

The electronic absorption spectra of syn-2-picolylphenyl ketoxime [HL1], syn-2-quinaldylphenyl ketoxime [HL2] and its azo derivatives [HL3-HL6] have been studied in different organic solvents. The solvent and substituents effects on the spectral parameters are studied and interpreted on the basis of the solvent properties and the electronic effects of the substituents. The solvent induced spectral effects have been analyzed using multiple linear regression

behaviour of P-Nitrobenzoresorcinol thermodynamic parameters of ionization and its complexing properties

The thermodynamic properties [pK, and delta G, delta H and delta [delta S] for the ionization of p-nitrabenzeneazaresarcinol were evaluated. The interaction between such ligand and Co, Ni and Cu was discussed. The data were found to follow the William-Irving order

Mixed ligand complexes of copper [II] -4-nitrobenzeneazoresorcinol complex with unidentate ligands

The formation constants of mixed ligand complexes of copper [II]-4-Nitrobenzeneazoresorcinol complex with unidentate ligands were determined by spectrophometric method at 25°C. The data of the inner sphere complex are related with both the electron donor and basicity constants of the unidentate ligands

Reliability and limitations of a scan echoencephalography after six years experience in diagnosing intracranial space occupying lesions

260 patients suspicious to have a space occupying lesion were investigated by angiography, ventriculography and echo-enecphalography over the last six years. The reliability of the A mode echograms was demonstrated in both supratentorial tumours for the presence of a midine echo shift and in infratentorial tumours for the size and degree of 3rd ventricular dilatation. The limitations and errors of echo are discussed and correlated with those of other invasive diagnostic radiological procedures