ABSTRACT
Hydrosalpinx is characterized by the accumulation of thin mucus within the lumen of the oviduct and it is rare in small ruminants. A5-year-old, horned, mixed breed doe with a history of infertility was necropsied for teaching purposes. Preslaughter examination revealed mucopurulent keratoconjunctivitis, rhinitis, synovitis and mastitis with watery purulent discharge from the mammary glands indicated mycoplasmal infection [agalactia]. At necropsy, the carcass was congested. The proximal portions of oviducts [Ampula] were distended, thin-walled and fluctuating in palpation. They were filled with clear thin mucus and were conic shaped, with 12 cm in length and 1.3 cm in width at the base and 0.5 cm at the top. The distal part of oviducts [Isthmus] was filled with semisolid purulent discharge causing total tube obstruction. The wall of the uterus and the uterine horns were thickened and mucosa was hyperplastic in appearance with small cysts which were measured at 0.3-0.5 cm. There was a slight fibrous adhesion between the mesosalpinx and the ovaries. The right ovary contained a corpus luteum, a large graafian follicle and numerous corpora albicans. Microscopically, atrophy of the wall of ampula, chronic inflammation of the isthmus and cystic endometrial hyperplasia was seen. Direct examinations and culture of the exudate showed mucus without any secondary infection. On the basis of macroscopic characteristics and laboratory findings, the condition was diagnosed as a bilateral hydrosalpinx due to obstruction of the distal part of the oviducts along with cystic endometrial hyperplasia
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Endometrial Hyperplasia , GoatsABSTRACT
Arak waste stabilization pond facilities consist of two stabilization pond systems, module 1 and module 2. The existing facilities have had several problems in their operation. The objectives of this research were to evaluate the performance of stabilization ponds in wastewater treatment of the city of Arak, because of several problems in their operation, and to prepare a scheme of its upgrading, if necessary. Within the period of May to September 2007, analyses were carried out for both raw and treated wastewaters. Results of these investigations showed that the average effluent concentrations of BOD5, COD and SS taken from primary and secondary facultative ponds of module 1 were 91.5, 169, 114; and 70, 160, 123 mg/L, respectively. These results indicated that the effluent of the primary facultative ponds of module 1 were complied with the Iranian treated wastewater standards for agricultural reuse in terms of BOD5 and COD concentrations; hence the secondary facultative ponds could be changed to other primary facultative ponds in order to increase the capacity of wastewater treatment plant. For module 2, BOD5, COD, and SS average concentrations of treated wastewater for the secondary and tertiary facultative ponds were obtained as 69, 101, 77; and 76, 127, 78 mg/L, respectively. Thus the effluent of the secondary facultative pond was complied with the considered standards in terms of all studied parameters. Consequently, the tertiary facultative pond could be changed to other secondary facultative pond to upgrade both the quality and the quantity of treated wastewater