ABSTRACT
Overall 10389 snails were collected from four study areas of Punjab from November 2005 to October 2006. The highest prevalence [38%] was found for Indoplanorbis followed by Physa [17%], Bellamaya [10.3%], Gyraulus [10%], Lymnaea[9.2%], Oncomelania [9%] and the lowest was found for Bulinus [6.7%]. Only Indoplanorbis snails were found to be positive for Schistosoma bovis cercaria. Correlation between snails' infection and meteorological factors like relative humidity [%] and rainfall [mm] were significant [P<0.05] while this correlation was not significant for temperature [°C] and pan evaporation [mm]
ABSTRACT
Mucopolysaccharidosis [MPS] is a group of genetic disorders that presents challenges during anesthetic care and in particular difficulty with airway management. Patients should be managed by experienced anesthesiologists at centers that are familiar with these types of conditions. Rarely encountered disease states have been identified as important topics in the continuing education of clinical anesthesiologists. This review will define MPS, describe the pathophysiology of MPS, describe how patients with this rare lysosomal storage disorders have dysfunction of tissues, cite the incidence of MPS, list the clinical manifestations and specific problems associated with the administration of anesthesia to patients with MPS, present treatment options for patients with MPS, define appropriate preoperative evaluation and perioperative management of these patients, including, to anticipate potential postoperative airway problems
ABSTRACT
The present study is a comprehensive investigation of the attitude toward psychiatry from Quaid-e-Azam Medical College, Bahawalpur [Pakistan]. A total of 538 students were studied using a 50-item Scale [ATP 30]. Responses of the students were collected from classes of 1st year and 4th year and a comparison was calculated on year wise and gender wise basis. The results are presented and discussed
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Psychiatry , Students, MedicalABSTRACT
Recent research has shown that psychiatric disorders are more common during pregnancy. This study was done to investigate the prevalence of anxiety and depression during pregnancy in females presenting in the antenatal clinic. The study also tried to find out risk factors associated with anxiety and depression in pregnancy in the above-mentioned population. Design: This was a descriptive survey of 200 outpatients. Place and duration of study: This study was done in the outpatient's department of Lady Atchison Hospital, Lahore. The study was done from May 2001 to October 2001. Study sample consisted of 200 consecutive outpatients presenting in the antenatal clinic. Pregnant women who agreed to be interviewed were included in the study. Demographic details were noted. PSE was used as an interviewing instrument and ICD-10 was used as diagnostic criteria. According to ICD-10 diagnostic criteria 34.5% of females were suffering from anxiety and 25% were suffering from depression. Young age, loss of parent during childhood, past history of psychiatric illness, family history of psychiatric illness was identified as possible risk factors to develop anxiety and depression during pregnancy. Prevalence of anxiety and depression was similar to many studies reported from the West. Pregnant females with possible risk factors should be specially screened for anxiety and depression. Locally prepared and validated instruments need to be developed for use in Pakistan