ABSTRACT
To prevent diabetes complications and improve the quality of life of these patients, adherence to self-care is essential. The purpose of present study was to examine self-care behaviors and related factors in women with type 2 diabetes. This descriptive analytic cross sectional study was performed on 140 female patients with type 2 diabetes who referred to the diabetes clinic in Ahvaz between December-March 2014. Research data were collected through interviews using demographic and disease characteristics questionnaires and the summary of diabetes self-care activities measure. Validity and reliability of the questionnaire was assessed and approved. The range of self-care scale was 0-77. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation coefficients tests, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis and multiple linear regression models. The mean score of self-care behaviors in patients was 11.55 +/- 30.93, indicating moderate self-care. The highest mean scores were those of diet, 16.28 +/- 5.38 and proper medication compliance 5.74 +/- 2.57, while blood sugar monitoring 1.89 +/- 3.38 and physical activity 2.24 +/- 3.09 showed the lowest scores. The score of self-care behaviors showed a statistically significant difference among levels of education, duration of disease, life network, level of fasting blood glucose and mode of physician referral [P<0.05]. These significant variables, except fasting blood glucose explained 23% of self-care variance. The findings of this study could be useful for designing and implementation of educational programs to promote self-care behaviors and more effective control of type 2 diabetes in women
ABSTRACT
Diabetes is a chronic, progressive illness with the potential for debilitating physical and mental complications. Patients' views about health, illness, control and treatment are predictive of the outcome of changes in lifestyle and treatment planning. The aim of this study was to explore diabetic women's views about the disease and the consequences experienced due to diabetes. A qualitative approach, thematic analysis method, semi-structured interview study was conducted in Ahvaz in 2013. Forty diabetic women were interviewed individually using purposeful sampling. Interviews were recorded and typed verbatim and analyzed using constant comparison simultaneously with data collection. After collecting and analyzing the data, 117 initial codes, 14 second level codes and 3 main codes emerged. The main concepts were 1-different feelings about their health and illness status, 2- psychological and mental symptoms, 3- restrictions experienced due to the control and treatment of the disease. Diabetic women believed that diabetes is a serious illness and negative views about insulin were common. Subcategories were worried about hypoglycemia after insulin injections, fear of disability due to the disease, further progression of diabetes, fear and embarrassment of insulin injection and cost of follow-up and treatment of the disease. Negative attitudes towards diabetes were common. Contradictory patient views about health can play an essential role in self-care practice and since patients with diabetes experience many problems, a thorough understanding of these can contribute to planning health care for these patients
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Health , Diabetes Complications , Evaluation Studies as Topic , WomenABSTRACT
Motor function is an important aspect of child development. Motor development is usually assessed in terms of age of achievement of motor milestones. Few previous studies have focused on motor development using WHO indexes particularly in Iran. In this cross-sectional study, age of achievements of six motor milestones was assessed in 800 children attending health centers of Dezful. Six milestones [sitting without support, hands-and-knees crawling, standing with assistance, walking with assistance, standing without support, walking without support] were assessed by mother self-reports. The mean age of children was 26.3 +/- 14.6 months. Based on percentile 97 WHO, 12.4% of children had delayed motor development. The logistic regression test showed a statistically significant association between gestational age and delayed motor development [p<0.001]. Prevalence of delayed motor development is high. Further cohort studies with bigger sample sizes should be designed
ABSTRACT
Emergency contraception [EC] has great potential for reducing the number of unintended pregnancies and abortion. One of the most important barriers that has been associated with lack of using EC is limited knowledge. This study assesses the baseline knowledge of emergency contraception in Andimeshk [a city in north of Khuzestan a, Province in Iran]. We focused mainly on emergency contraceptive pill because they are over the counter and the most common emergency contraceptive method in Iran. In a cross - sectional study, 630 women aged 15-49 refering to family planning Clinic of health centers participated in this study.The questionnaire was completed by trained research assistants. Of the 630 respondents,55.6% of them had heard about EC. 31.7% knew the proper time limit in which emergency contraceptives must be used to be effective. 26.7% of women had enough knowledge about EC. There was a significant relationship between occupation [p< 0.001], education of women wed [p<0.001], number of children [p=0.02], kind of contraceptive methods [p< 0.001] history of EC used [p<0.001] unwanted pregnancy in their last pregnancy [p =0.001] and knowledge about emergency contraceptive pills. Findings showed that there was a limited knowledge about EC. There is an urgent need to educate Andimeshk women about emergency contraception, emphasizing available methods and correct timing of use. Education on EC is a vital component of reproductive health program