frequency of hvisa strains among mrsa isolates from mansura university hospitals and evaluation of methods for their detection

The prevalence of Methicillin Resistant S. aureus [MRSA] strains with reduced susceptibility to vancomycin among local nosocomial isolates from Mansoura University Hospitals and their susceptibilities to various antibiotics were determined. A 957 clinical samples from nosocomial infections patients collected over 6-month periodduring 2004yielded'203 S. aureus isolates [21.21%], out of which 66 [34.7%] were identified as MRSA. MRSA isolates were tested for any reduced susceptibility to vancomycin by different methods. No VISA or VRSA strains were detected by either disc diffusion method or ability to grow on BHI agar containing 6 ug/mL. Among the nine potential hVISA isolates [13.6%] that could grow on BHI agar containing 4ug/ml of vancomycin, five could be identified by the Macro E-test hVISA. However, the population analysis tests confirmed only 3 [4.5%] of these isolates as hVISA. Transmission electron micrographs of one hVISA isolate demonstrates thickened cell wall as a possible mechanism of resistance

Effect of selected cereal flours on chemical composition, rheological properties and cake quality

THIS RESEARCH was carried out to substitute 10, 20 and 30% levels of wheat flour with rice, barley or yellow corn flour and their effects on rheological and baking properties, as well as, the acceptability of the cake. Water absorption increased by increasing the levels of rice flour. Meanwhile, development time, extensibility and energy were decreased. Dough Stability and maximum resistance to extension were gradually increased with increasing the replacement level with barley flour in comparison to control. The maximum viscosity value increased with addition of rice, barley or yellow corn flour. While, set-back values were decreased gradually with increasing the level of rice or barley flour. The results revealed that crude fiber, lipid and ash contents of cakes had gradually increased with increasing the levels of barley or yellow corn flours. Protein content was gradually increased with increasing the level of barley flour. Gradual improvement in both of cake weight and volume were noticed for cake samples prepared with rice or barley flour .The replacement of wheat flour by rice or barley flour retarded the rate of staling. This point was considered very important because of the major economic losses that stale bakery products may entail. The sensory evaluation data demonstrated that, the rice, barley or yellow corn flour successfully replace wheat flour in produced cake up to 20% without any unfavorable change

Spectrophotometric determination of Cu2+ and Pd2+ ions using some acetyl formazans

The formazan compounds have received great attention due to their biological activity and dyeing properties for a variety of fabrics [1,2] Due to their skeleton as good carriers of pi-bonding and chelating properties, they have been used as analytical reagents [3]Malevannyi and Shikhova [4] reported a Spectrophotometric method for the determination of Mn[2+] using 1,5-bis [2-hydroxy-5-sulfophenyl]-3-acetylformazan. Bigma et al. [5] developed a Spectrophotometric procedure for the microdetennination of Cu in Mg metal and some of its Mg alloys using 1,5-di [2-hydroxy-4-nitrophenyl]- 3- acetyl-formazan. Christian [6] reported a method for the determination of lithium using TMC-Crown formazan. Novel pyridyl formazan derivatives were synthesized and the characteristic analytical properties of their complex compounds with various transition metal ions were investigated [7]. The present investigation deals with the use of l,5-diphenyl-3- acetylformazan [I] and l,5-bis[o-carboxyphenyl] -3- acetylformazan [II] for the Spectrophotometric determination of Cu and Pd

Nosocomial blood stream infection in NICN Mansoura University Hospital

We detected 37.24% nosocomial infection rate [292 infection in 205 infants] among 784 neonates hospitalized for more than 48 hours in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit [NICU] in Mansoura University Hospital during 12 months of surveillance. Blood stream infection [BSI] accounted for24.74%of the total infections. Staphylococcus epidermidis [20.61%], E. coli [16.94%] Staphylococcus aureus [14.43%] and other Gram negative bacilli [32.92%] were the most common organisms isolated. Nosocomial infection rates were significantly higher in infants with low birth weight [<2,500 g]. Nosocomial BSI was more common in neonates with intravenous lines

Potentiometric conductometric and spectrophotometric studies on co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, Pd2+ and Pt2+ complexes with some naphthol derivatives

The ionization constants [pka] of some naphthol derivatives were determined potentiometrically in 40 percent ethanolic solution. The stability constants of divalent Co, Ni, Cu, Pd and Pt complexes with naphthol derivatives were determined potentiometrically, log Beta[1] and Log Beta[2] values being calculated. The correlation between the basicity of the ligands and stability of complexes is discussed. Conductometric titrations of divalent Co, Ni, Cu and Pt with the naphthol derivatives were carried out to give further insight into the stoichiometric composition of the complexes formed in solutions. The divalent Ni and Pd complexes with NNWA were studied spectrophotometrically and the stoichiometries of the complexes formed were established. The results indicate that all ligands form 1:1 and 1:2 [M: L] complexes and the influence of pH. time, sequence of addition and foreign ions on the formation of the complexes was studied. Beer's law was satisfactorily obeyed up to 6 ppm and 7 ppm for Ni and Pd respectively

Physicochemical studies on some 1,35-triphenylformazan derivatives and their complexes

The stability constants of the complexes formed between divalent Co, Ni, Cu and Zn ions with 1, 3, 5- triphenylformazan derivatives were determined potentiometrically and log Beta [1] and Log Beta[2] values calculated. The relations between the stability constants of the complexes and their ionization potential, electronegativity, ionic radius and atomic number were investigated. The effect of the substituents present on the ligand molecules is also considered, the relationships being treated statistically. The values indicate that Cu-complexes are highly susceptible to the influence of substituents on the one or five positioned phenyl moiety. The values of Delta G, Delta H and Delta S of the complexes are determined. The conductimetric titrations of the above divalent ions with formazan derivatives show breaks at molar ratios 1:1 and 1:2 which is in accordance with the results obtained from pH-metric titrations

Optical properties of PVA doped with CoCl2

Optical absorption measurements in the spectral range 4000-50000 cm[-1], were performed on cast thin films of polyvinyl alcohol[PVA] and its composites with cobalt chloride [CoCl [2]. Identification of the structure and assignments of energy bands have been derived in terms of the ligand field theory. A mechanism based on the equilibrium between six-coordinated and four- coordinated symmetry is proposed to account for the obtained spectra. Such equilibrium is attributed to a small difference between the stabilization energies, and the symmetry is found to be altered with cobalt chloride concentrations

Chelates of CE [III], Th [IV] and UO2 [VI] with some schiff bases

SCHIFF bases are well known to have pronounced biological activities. Their ready synthesis and active properties have contributed greatly to their popularity and to the study of many biological systems [1-3]. Metal complexes of Schiff bases are studied extensively due to synthetic flexibility of these compounds and their selectivity as well as sensitivity towards several metal ions. Several reviews have been devoted to coordination chemistry of Schiff base metal complexes [4-7] Dioxouranium [VI] complexes [1:2] of some salicylaldehyde Schiff bases have been synthesized [8] Anthranilic acid Schiff base complexes with Th [IV], UO[2] [VI], La [III], Ce [III] and Zr [IV] have been isolated and studied by several techniques [9] The coordination of Th [IV] and UO[2] [VI] with a number of mono and polydentate Schiff bases has been studied. Several bi-and trinuclear complexes have been investigated [10]. The present article deals with the evaluation of the ionization constants of Schiff bases [I], [II] and [III] and the stability constants of their complexes with Ce [III], Th [IV] and UO[2]>2 [VI] ions. The solid complexes which could be isolated were also investigated by elemental analysis and IR spectroscopy

Electrical conductivity, Spectroscopic and thermal studies on chelates of SPADNS with some transition metals

The solid complexes of SPADNS 2-[P-sulfonyl] -1,8-dihydroxynaphthalene 3,6-disulfonic acid trisodium salt] with Cr [III], Mn [II], Co [II], Ni [II] and Cu [II] were prepared and subjected to elemental analysis, IR, thermogravimetric and electrical conductivity studies. The optical properties as well as the type of coordination and its role in the conduction mechanism were also studied. Racah constants B and the activation energies delta E were determined and correlated with the covalent characters of the metal-SPANDS bonds within the chelates. The study revealed that both Co and Ni are in the divalent state and are octahedrally coordinated, while Cr is in the trivalent and is also six-coordinated

Characteristics of phytase in sunflower meal and broad beans

Properties of sunflower meal and cotyledon broad bean phytases were studied after extraction with 2% CaCl2 followed by ammonium sulphate partial purification. The enzyme showed an optimum pH of 4.0 and 4.2 respectively and optimum temperature of 45C for each phytases. The phytase of the tow extracts where partially inhibited at high substrate concentration, with an optimum substrate concentration at 9mM and 5mM respectively, and km value of 1.11 x 10-3M and 0.59 x 10- 3M. V max was 0.51 and 0.62 u mole P: liberated/min/ml enzyme respectively. The inactivation and activation energy for the hydrolysis of phytic acid were approximately 39.700 cal/mole and 9100 cal/mole respectively of sunflower phytase, whereas these values were 40.400 ca./mole and 11.300 cal/mole of bean phytase. The percentage of sunflower enzyme inhibition were about 28%, 24%, 36% and 48% in the presence of 10-3M zinc, cupric, ferrous and mercuric respectively. Also, these salts reduced phytase activity from bean by 25%, 20%, 20% and 28%, respectively

Tinea corporis, clinical and mycological study in Dakahlia

Our study was carried out in an attempt to classify and identify the causative fungi of tinea corporis as well as the incidence of the disease in our locality Trichophyton rubrum was the commonest isolated dermatophyte [35.75%]. Trichophyton violaceum comes next in frequency [16.58%], followed by trichophyton metagrophyte and Epidermophyton floccosum [7.77%], Trichophyton schoenleinii [4.66%] while trichophyton tonsurans [0.25%], trichophyton verrucosum [1.56%] and Microsporum canis [0.52%] were at the lowest end of the list, Candida were isolated from 24.87% of positive cases

effect of different methods of blanching on the quality attributes of frozen spinach [spinacia oleracea]

Different blanching methods were adapted to remove oxalates from frozen spinach. Blanching by steam, boiling water, 2% boiling citric acid solution, 2% boiling Mg citrate solution, and by boiling water before the addition of 0.5gm. Mg citrate/500gm. Spinach before packing; were investigated. Frozen spinach prepared by these blanching methods was analyzed and compared for total solids, total soluble solids, pH value, vitamin C, chlorophyll retention%, carotenoids, oxalates, minerals and ash. Organoleptic evaluation of the final products; statistically analyzed, showed that the best treatment was that of the combined effect of water blanching and the insertion of 0.5gm. Mg citrate in each 0.5 kilogram pouch of frozen spinach

Biphenyl absorption of treated orange

Absorption rate of biphenyl was determined in used pads, whole orange fruit, peel and juice stored under different conditions of ventilation, temperature and storage period. It was found that the rate of biphenyl a bsorption complied with the maximum permitted level of biphenyl in the United States and in most of the European Countries if packed in vented cartons as it is usually done commercially. However, with non-vented cartons, the absorption rate increased above the upper level of the a bsorbed biphenyl permitted by both Germany and France, when stored at 60F. Generally the non-vented cartons efficiently decreased the rate of orange decay compared with vented ones

Utilization of beet molasses in the production of lactic acid

The influence of various factors on the production of lactic acid using enriched beet molasses by Lactobacillus delbrueckii was investigated. The best yield was 62.6% while the conversion coefficient was 80.7 at 45C. Also, the highest yield and conversion coefficient obtained 81.4% and 58.7% respectively when using 12.62% sugars. Consequently, the best concentration could be around 18% total soluble solids. Optimum pH seemed to be around 6 since both yield and conversion percent was the highest. The optimum fermentation period, however; could be considered on the 8[th] day of fermentation, when maximum yield and conversion coefficient were obtained

Improving the nutritional value of patti beans

Patti Beans of different blends containing distinct pulses, [i.e., broad beans, soybeans, and chick-peas, whole egg and some green herbs] were evaluated for their protein content, ether extract, ash, starch, fiders, calcium, and phosphorus content. However; emphasis were given to their amino acids content revealing that after frying the best blends were those consisting of 70% broad beans, and 30% soybeans [blend No. 40], 80% broad beans, 10% soybeans, and 10% chick-peas [blend No. 10], and 80% broad beans and 20% soybeans [blend No. 6], since the proportion of the sulphur amino acids, which could be considered a limiting factor, were 2.840, 2.653 and 2.631 respectively. The frying process however; seemed to destroy the available amino acids to an extent of 16.510%, 6.550%, and 6.199%, for tryptophan, lysine, and cystine; respectively. The destruction of other amino acids ranged from 0.732% to 4.204%. The addition of egg did not increase the amino acids contents, but it improved the flavour of the product. The best blend which had the highest flavour scores was No.10

better recipe to upgrade the nutritional value of bisara

The Bisara is usually made of dehulled broad beans [Vicia faba, Linen] mixed with green herds and spices. However, its content of protein is low both in quality or quantity. Blending such ingredients with soybeons and/or%ckpeas resulted in raising the proportion of methonine and cystine to almost the value suggested by the F.A.O. The addition of milk solids, however, plus the prementioned in gredients resulted in improving such proportion of sulphuramino acids as well as producing a better flavour. On the other hand, the N.P.U. values were in line with improving values of sulphur-containing amino acid proportion. The best blend, however, was that which contained 70% dehulled dry broad bean, 10% soybeans, 4.5% check peas, 5% onion, 1% garlic 9% green herbes, and 0.5% dried yeast [blend No.5]

Trials to raise the nutritional value of dried lentil soup recipes

Different recipes of dried lentil soup were prepared in various blends. The ingredients that incorporated were dried dehulled cracked lentil dried soybeen seeds, dried%ck-peas seeds, fresh carrots, fresh tomato, and fresh onion. The former blends ingredients were cooked under pressure, then strained and dried in open oven at 70C. The dried blends were milled and sieved to reach a 95% extraction ratio. Then the resulted powder were mixed to other dry ingredients to form different blends. Such blends however, were able to raise the nutritional values without impairing the organoleptic properties. Protein was raised quantitatively and adapted qualitatively to meat the F.O.A. pattern. Best blend was that [No.6], which included lentil, soybean,%ck-peas, carrot, tomato, onion, and dried whole egg

Production and evaluation of protein isolates of some legumes

The extracted nitrogen was performed and evaluated at different pH values. The protein isolates, however; were prepared from soybeans, broad beans, white bean, peas, and peanut. The physical properties, such as the degree of protein solubility at different pH values were studied and discussed. In addition the protein isolates were tested mainly for their amino acid profile as well as for their characteristic chemical components. It was detected however; that such protein isolates were deficient in the sulfer amino acids, methionine plus cystine, a matter that limited their nutritive value as was confirmed by the biological study done on experimental rats