Histological study on the effect of vitamin C on ischemia reperfusion injury in the adult rat ovary

Ovarian torsion may cause serious complications such as infertility in young women. Conservative management includes detorsion and reperfusion of the twisted segment. However, it may have local and systemic consequences due to production of large amounts of reactive oxygen species during reperfusion of ovaries. The present work aimed to study the possible histological and immunohistochemical changes due to ischemia-reperfusion injury in rat ovaries and the possible protective effect of vitamin C as an antioxidant. A total of 32 albino rats were divided into four groups. Group I was the control sham-operated group [either sham operated only, or with vitamin C administration]. In group II rats, ovarian ischemia was induced by torsion of the right adnexa. In rats of group III, 4 h of ischemia followed by reperfusion was performed. In rats of group IV, 4 h of ischemia was followed by 50 mg/kg vitamin C administration, which was injected intravenously, and then reperfusion was performed. Except for the ischemia group, all other groups were subdivided into two subgroups from which the right ovaries were surgically removed either after 5 h or after 2 weeks of starting the experiment. From the ischemia group ovarian samples were taken after 5 h only. Specimens were processed for paraffin sections and stained with H and E and with an immunohistochemical stain for apoptotic marker p53. Image analysis and statistical analysis of the obtained results were carried out. Severe vascular congestion, edema, hemorrhage, and increased P53 immunoreaction were detected in the ovaries after ischemia, which became less marked after reperfusion and considerably improved with vitamin C administration, especially after 2 weeks. Vitamin C treatment can help in protecting the ovaries from ischemia-reperfusion injury after detorsion

effect of mesenchymal stem cell therapy on ischemia-reperfusion-induced injury of the rat pancreas: a histological and immunohistochemical study

Ischemia-reperfusion [I/R] injury plays an important role in the development of acute pancreatitis; both ischemia and reperfusion contribute to tissue loss and organ dysfunction. I/R is also reported to be one of the reasons for the inflammatory reaction occurring in grafted tissue. Mesenchymal stem cells [MSCs] are multipotent cells capable of self-renewal and differentiation into various cell lineages. This study aimed to evaluate the role of MSC therapy on l/R-induced injury of the pancreas in albino rats. The present study was performed on three groups. Group I was the control group. Group II was the I/R group in which the pancreases of rats were exposed to ischemia for 30 min after which they were reperfused for 90 min; these rats were then sacrificed 1 week [group I la] and 4 weeks [group lib] after reperfusion. Group III was the stem cell-treated group in which rats were exposed to I/R and then injected intravenously with MSCs; they were then sacrificed 1 week [group Ilia] and 4 weeks [group Illb] after reperfusion. Pancreatic sections were stained with Hand E, CD105, and insulin. Results were statistically analyzed. I/R caused changes in the form of cellular vacuolations and apoptotic changes involving the pancreatic acini. Immunohistochemical staining for insulin was markedly decreased, becoming almost absent by the fourth week. Treatment with MSCs was associated with PKH 26-labeled cells within the exocrine and endocrine portion of the pancreas. Also, CD105-positive cells were detected between the acini and within the stroma in between. The cells in the treated subgroups restored their normal appearance and regained positivity for insulin immunoreactivity

[Klippel trenaunay weber syndrome: a case report]

The Kippel Trenaunay Weber syndrome is a rare entity. It is characterized by osteohypertrophic angiodysplasia. The vascular abnormalities touch especially the lymphatic and venous systems. However the existence of superficial or deep arteriovenous fistula is not rare. The deep one can have multiple visceral seats and put a strain on vital prognosis of patients in the event of a rupture. The authors report the case of a 9 year-old girl who presented a Klippel Trenaunay Weber Syndrome diagnosed on the occasion of a recurrent rectorrhagia which lead to severe anemia with 4,4g/100 ml of haemoglobin. The osteohypertrophic angiodysplasia touch the two inferior limbs. It is more marqued on the right side and extends to the lumbus. The colonoscopy found a rectosigmoidal fistula associated with a rectal prlapsus. The abdominal angioscan found multiple parietointestinal calcifications. It shows that vascular abnormalities in digestif tractus are diffuse. In the light of this case and the review of literature, the authors remind the clinical, para clinical aspects and difficulties of treatment of this rare entity

[Cystic adenomatoid malformation involving an entire lung in a 16-month-old girl]

Congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation [CCAM] is a congenital uncommon anomalie. It represents 25 per cent of congenital malformations of the lung. Usually discovered before the age of 2 years, it's often known while infectious complications after year of life. The lesion is usually unilateral, and unilobuloar. The surgical resection will lead to a histologic study that can confirm the diagnosis and establish a final classification of the lesion. In this subject, we present the case of 16 months old girls that had a CCAM occupying the whole left lung and that was discovered while an episode of pneumonia. Outcome was good after total left pneumonectomy

Evolution in treatment methods of hepatic hydatid cyst

A large number of surgical and non-surgical treatment methods have been propounded for cystic echinococcosis of liver so far. For decades, surgical excision via conservative or radical approaches was the only known treatment method for this diseasx Availability of chemotherapeutic agents with considerable activity against Echinococcus granulosus has made it possible to treat hydatid cysts with ultrasound- or computed tomography-guided transhepatic percutaneous drainage method, named Puncture, Aspiration, Injection, and Re-aspiration [PAIR]. The aim of this study was to compare the older and newer treatment methods for liver hydatid cyst. A search was made on three decades later in four different data bases MEDLINE, Chohran Library, Web of Science and Science Direct with keywords: "hepatic hydatid cyst ", "Albendazol", "Cystic echinococcosis", "PAIR", "metaanalysis", Randomized controlled trial Three hundred and seven studies met our inclusion criteria. Most of these studies had considerably large-sized samples of patients with hepatic hydatid cyst. They were comprised of original research articles' case reports, review articles, and randomized controlled trials. These studies had assessed efficacy of conventional surgical methods as well as that of chemotherapy and PAIR. Surgery with different techniques aiming eradication and reductien of recurrence is considered as one the main treatment methods. However, use of percutaneous drainage and minimally invasive techniques is now growing. PAIR with albendazole appears to have higher clinical efficacy, and lower rates of major and minor complications, mortality, short and long term disease recurrence, and fewer days of hospitalization as compared with surgery. Therefore, it is preferable to surgery. Surgery is suggestible in cases for which PAIR is not feasible or complications of the cyst are an issue. Pre- and post-intervention chemotherapy reduces disease recurrence and intraperitoneal seeding of infection

[Congenital short small intestine. a new case study]

Backgrounds: Congenital short bowel syndrome associated with malrotation and intestinal dysmotility is a rare condition. We describe a new case of this syndrome without malrotation

Case report: Mootez is born from consanguineous parents without any familial histories. He presented with bilious vomiting at the age of ten days. The radiological exams show no sign of intestinal obstruction. Laparotomy revealed a short small bowel measuring 40 cm without malrotation. The appendice showed no anatomopathologic abnormalities. After surgery, recurrent bilious vomiting persist. He died at tow months of age from severe denutrition

Conclusion: a precocious clinical onset and intestinal dysmotility seem to be associated with a poor prognosis. The cause of congenital short small intestine is not known. A recessive inheritance is suggested

Raman and infrared spectra of ternary P[2]O[5] -PbO-Bi[2]O[3] glasses

Vibrational infrared and Raman spectroscopy were employed to investigate the structural arrangement of some selected glasses from the ternary system P[2]O[5]-PbO-Bi[2]O[3]. The obtained spectra were analyzed in order to elucidate the role of each of the component oxides and justifying their specific roles in the glassy network. The densities of the prepared glass samples were measured and their molar volumes are calculated and the data are analyzed in relation to the compactness of the structure

Biochemical study on gastrin, secretin and somatostatin homeostasis in end stage renal failure

Chronic renal failure is a complex disease that is associated with enormous biochemical alterations which induce marked multiorgan dysfunctions. Gastrointestinal disorders are diagnosed occasionally while renal failure is not yet recognized. The specific mechanisms underlying these complaints are not yet completely known. Aim: The present study aimed to assess the circulating state of three major biologically active gut hormones i.e. gastrin, secretin and somatostalin. Their responses to standard test meal and to hemodialysis were also determined The present study was conducted on 20 patients with CRFdue to variable kidney diseases. Of them 10 patients receiving conservative treatment only [Conservative group] and the remaining 10 patients undergoing maintenance hemo-dialysis [hemodialysis group] beside the conservative therapy. Also 12 healthy volunteers were similarly investigated. Plasma total gastrin, secretin and somatostatin [S.S] concentrations beside the routine investigations were determined. In conservative uremic group, fasting and one hour postprandial plasma total gastrin, secretin and somatostatin levels were significantly higher than their corresponding normal control levels: Moreover, test meal induced significant increase in these hormones in both CRF and control groups in comparison to their fasting levels. In hemodialysis uremic patients, plasma total gastrin, secretin and somatostatin concentrations before dialysis were significantly higher than their corresponding levels in the normal control and in conservative uremic groups. Hemodialysis caused significant reduction of the circulating gastrin, secretin and somatostatin concentrations when compared with their plasma concentrations before dialysis. However, in hemodialyzed uremics, unlike plasma gastrin and secretin concentrations, plasma SS concentration before dialysis was not significantly different from the fasting level in CRF patients on conservative therapy. Hypersecretinemia and hypersomatostatinemia were concomitant finding with hypergastrinemia in CRF. Disproprotionate synthesis and release of gastrin, secretin and somatostatin can be explained by impairment of the feedback loops and cross regulations in between these hormones. However, being excreted mainly by kidney, impaired excretion of these hormones is also a possible cause of their high circulating concentrations.

Conductimetric determination of cyproheptadine, cetirizine and terbinafme hydrochlorides through the formation of ion associates with manganese and zinc thiocyanate complexes

This study was carried out to develop a conductimetic titration method for determination of cyproheptadine hydrochloride [CpCl], cetirizine dihydrochloride [CetCl2] and terbinafme hydrochloride [TerCl] with manganese and zinc thiocyanate complexes [Mn [SCN]4][2-] and [Zn [SCN]4][2-] as titrants through ion-associate complex formation. The solubility products of the formed ion-associates were determined. The method was found to be highly accurate and precise having a relative standard deviation of less than 1.0%. Also it was shown that the method could be successfully applied to assay of commercial pharmaceuticals containing the above-mentioned drugs and the results are favorably comparable to the official methods

IL-6 and IGFII in normal ovulatory; anovulatory pcos and controlled ovarian hyperstimulation cycles

Cytokine interleukin-6 [IL-6] and insulin like growth factor II [IGF-II] are polyfunctional regulatory peptides. They have a wide variety of biological activities including ovulation regulation of gonadal steroid secretion by the ovaries, corpus luteum function and embryo implantation. To investigate their role in normal ovulation, polycystic ovary syndrome [PCOS] and controlled ovarian hyperstimulation [COH] this study is conducted. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Clinical Pathology, Assiut University Hospital, Assiut, Egypt. Sixty women were included in this study from 3 groups of patients; 20 women in each group. First group includes women with normal ovulatory cycle and a second group includes women with anovulatory PCOS cycle and a third group of women prepared for assisted reproduction by [ICSI]. Three blood samples from each women were obtained at day 3 of the cycle day 12 or day of ovum pick up and day 22 of the cycle. Follicular Fluid [FF]collected at the day of ovum pick up from women undergoing [ICSI]. Blood and FFsamples were assayed for IL-6 and IGF-II as well as E2, FSH, LH and P, using [ELISA] technique. The mean values of IL-6 level in the early follicular phase in normal ovulatory, PCOS and COH groups were 12.93 +/- 0.77, 101.99 +/- 32.04 and 12.86 +/- 0.88 [pg/ml], respectively. There is highly significant increase in PCOS group in comparison to normal ovulatory and COH groups. IL-6 significantly increased in patients with increased number of follicles than those of low number of follicles in COH group. The mean values of IL-6 in late follicular phase were 11.4 +/- 0.88, 99.7 +/- 4.0, 27.3 +/- 8.0 in the three groups, respectively. The level is only significanlly increased in those patients with COH than the level in early follicular phase inside each group. The mean values of IL-6 in the mid luteal phase were 176.6 +/- 29.7 and 68.7 +/- 52.3 [pg/ml] in normal ovulatory and PCOS groups. There was highly significant increase in the ovulatory than the anvulatory cycle. There was a significant increase of IL-6 in FF at the time of ovum pick up over the serum samples taken at the same time. The mean values of IGF-II level in late follicular phase were 589.97 +/- 22.58, 466.4 +/.- 41.74 and 770.7 +/- 79.38 [ng/ml] in normal ovulatory, PCOS and COH group, respectively. The increase of IGF-II in cases of COH than normal ovulatory cycle shows its significant role in steroidogenesis which is important for the elevated E2 level in this group. IL-6 may be an early predictor for the ovarian responce and the development of ovarian Hyper stimulation syndrome [OHSS] with the othor hormonal and US parameters. IL-6 may be taken in consideration as a maker for corpus luteum function in conjunction with progesterone in day 22. The elevation of IL-6 in day 3 in PCOS patients than in the normal ovulatory cycle may partially explain the increased liability to OHSS in these patients. The significant reduction in IGF-II in cases of PCOS may play a role in anovulation

Physical and sensory properties of extrudates from yellow corn grit blends

The investigation was carried out to evaluate the effect of some raw materials, rich in protein content on the quality characteristics of extrudates produced from yellow corn girts. Seven preparations of fortified yellow corn grits were blended using defatted peanut and sesame or chichpea flours with yellow corn grit at two levels i.e. 15% and 20%, in order to produce good and nutritional extrudates, Physical characteristics such as water absorption index [WAI], water solubility index [WSI], bulk density [BD] diameter, expansion ratio [ER]; shear force [SF], and sensory properties were evaluated after processing [zero time], and during three months storage at room temperature [31 +/- 2°C] Chemical analysis of raw materials indicated that, the highest contents of protein, total hydrolyzeable carbohydrates fiber, lipids and ash were found in defatted peanut, yellow corn girts, defatted sesame, chickpeas flour, and defatted sesame flour, respectively. Characteristics of the extrudates were varied according to type of blends and the fortification level. Yellow corn grits fortified with 20% defattet peanut or sesame flour had the highest percent increase of WAI, and WSI, meanwhile there were similar results in the BD, ER and diameter. The extruded control followed by the blends fortified with 15% or 20% chickpeas flour gave both of the highest diameter, and expansion ratio value, compared to blends containing 15% defatted peanut flour. Sensory evaluation revealed that the best taste scores, chewiniss values, pore distribution and porous texture, colour and surface characteristics and general appearance of extrudates occurred in the extrudates fortified with 15% or 20% defatted peanut, sesame or chickpeas flours, and were found to be significantly better than the other blends. Generally, all sensory evaluation scores, values of Hunter colour measurements [L, a and b] of the extrudates decreased gradually during storage for three months at room temperature for all extruded products especially with blends containing peanut or sesame flour at levels of 15% or 20%

Contraceptive knowledge and practice in rural El-Ghanayem, Assiut, Upper Egypt

A cross-section and community-based study was designed to study 1274 currently married women of reproductive age from four villages, El- Ghanayem District, Assiut Governorate, 1996. A house-to-house survey was conducted using a pre-designed questionnaire to find the contraceptive knowledge, use and the affecting factors. The mean age at marriage was 18.4 +/- 3 years, the mean number of pregnancies was 5.8 +/- 3.5 and the mean number of living children was 3.9 +/- 2.3. The results also revealed that family planning knowledge is very high [93.30%], while the use is very low [16.7%]. IUD's [54%] and pills [33.8%] were the most commonly used methods of contraception. Mass 95 media and rural health unit were the main sources of knowledge of used methods [as 46% of the methods were delivered by the rural health unit]. TV sets that regularly deliver family planning messages and education were behind the high proportion of family planning awareness

regioselectivity of some succinisoimidium and maleisoimidium perchlorate towards amines and aromatic hydrocarbons under Friedel Graft's conditions

N-arylsuccinisoimidium and N-arylmaleisoimidium perchlorates [2, 6a and b], upon treatment with primary amines undergo a nucleophilic addition via ring-opening at the carbonyl group to give compounds [3, 7a and b], respectively. They also react as true anhydrides when they allowed to react with aromatic hydrocarbons in the presence of anhydrous AlCl3 to give the corresponding compounds [4a-c and 9a-d]

Caroli's disease in infant. Review of literature and two case reports

Caroli's disease is characterized by congenital dilatation of intra-hepatic bile ducts. It is a very rare affection [only 205 cases have been reported up to 1989]. We report two new cases observed in two boys 8 and 9 years old: the first was operated with the diagnosis of hydatic cyst of the liver opened in the biliary ducts: the diagnosis was corrected by the operation and post operative. In the second case, the Caroli's disease had evoked by ultrasonography. Lesions are diffused in the two observations and treatment has been only palliative. A review of the literature about these two observations is proposed and the means of diagnosis and treatment are discussed

Pancreatic pseudocysts in childhood: a report of 8 cases

Pancreatic pseudocysts in children are uncommon. The authors report 8 cases seen during 23 years of activity at the children hospital of Tunis. Four cases were due to abdominal trauma and one was a complication of acute pancreatitis. Operative treatment included drainage in 3 cases, cystgastrostomy or cystjejunostomy in 5 cases. The prognosis is good in 7 cases, the eighth case had a pancreatitis who carried his death in the third day after operation. The authors discuss the therapeutic modalities about these 8 cases

Serum bile acids in patients with chronic hepatitis

Serum procollagen III peptide was measured by radio-immunoassay in 62 patients with liver diseases and 20 equivelent controls. Serum procollagen III paptide [sPIIIP] levels were found significantly higher in patients with pure hepatic schistosomiasis than controls and also than those with simple intestinal schistosomiasis. Serum PulP values in patients with chronic active hepatitis [CAH] and schistosomiasis combined with CAH were also significantly higher than controls and than those with pure hepatic schistosomiassis or chronic persistent hepatitis [CPH]. But they did not differe significantly from those with active cirrhosis. Rather weak, but still statistically significant relationship was obtained between liver function tests and sPIIIP levels in the pooled group of patients with histologically proven chronic liver disease. These considerations may indicate that sPIIIP assay could generally reflect the grade of hepatic pathology particularly in schistosomiasis