ABSTRACT
Background: In recent years, the need to decrease pain and anxiety in patients with acute leukemia during invasive diagnostic and therapeutic measures has been emphasized. This study was performed with the aim of evaluating pain and discomfort caused by bone marrow aspiration under general anesthesia compared with local anesthesia
Materials and Methods: This cohort study was performed on 239 patients with acute leukemia under 18 years of age admitted to Dr. Sheikh Hospital in Mashhad during two years
Children undergoing bone marrow aspiration with either general anesthesia with propofol or local anesthesia with lidocaine were compared in terms of pain intensity [Visual Analogue Scale], resistance to procedure, and the fear and anxiety during aspiration. Results were evaluated with SPSS software version 16 using t test and chi-squared test
Results: Among the 135 patients who were under general anesthesia, 20.1% showed a slight resistance to apply the anesthesia mask. The least amounts of pain, fear, and anxiety were reported. Among the 104 patients under local anesthesia, 80.2% had physical resistance, 44.4% had severe and very severe pain, and 86.1% showed intense fear and anxiety. In the general anesthesia group, physical resistance [p=0.01], pain [p=0.01], and fear and anxiety [p<0.005] were significantly lower than in the local anesthesia group
Conclusion: In bone marrow aspiration, general anesthesia is more acceptable to children and their parents than local anesthesia. This method can greatly reduce pain, resistance, and fear caused by the aggressive actions during bone marrow aspiration in children
ABSTRACT
Antrokinon is an herbal compound with anti-inflammatory properties. This substance is usually used for treatment of skin lesions and burns. The aim of this study was to assess the clinical therapeutic effects of Antrokinon on oral aphthous lesions. In a double blind clinical trial study, the therapeutic effect of Antrokinon was evaluated against placebo in 80 individuals attending the school of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. To receive dental treatment. The Antrokinon and placebo were exactly similar in color and they were in drop form [5cc]. Five drops of drug or placebo were instructed to be used locally, 4 times a day, in regular intervals. The collected data was analyzed using Mann-Whitney U test at 95% confidence level [P < 0.05]. The statistical analysis showed that, the drug had positive effects on clinical improvement of aphthous lesions in the oral cavity when compared with placebo. A significant decrease in clinical wound healing time was observed after using the drug in comparison with placebo [P = 0.001]. Likewise, Mann-Whitney U test revealed that the, burn-healing time was significantly shortened in comparison with placebo group as well [P = 0.003]. Useing Antrokinon can significantly decrease both, the wound-healing time and burn-healing period in oral aphthous lesions
Subject(s)
Herbal Medicine , Anti-Inflammatory Agents , Double-Blind Method , Burns/therapy , Placebos , Wound HealingABSTRACT
Thalassemia disease is characterized by anemia with splenomegaly and bone change in the early ages of life. It is a blood disease with two subtypes; Alpha and Beta. The Disorder is in synthesis of RBC Globulins. According to genetic defects and globulin structure defect, this disease is classified into major,minor and intermediate. The aim of this study was evaluating the periodontal status and measuring the index of GI [Loe and Sillness] and OHI[DI-S and CI-S] compared with the control group. In this case-control study, 100 patients suffering from major thalassemia referring to Dr.Sheikh Pediatric Hospital as the case group and 100 patients referring to Mashhad dental school as the control group, were studied. The two groups matched in age, sex and tooth brushing frequency in a day. GI and OHI-S [CI-S and DI-S] were compared between the two groups. Statistical analysis was carried out by chi-square test. GI and DI were significantly different in the case group and GI and OHI-S were greater in 19-26 year old than other patients age groups. In patients undergone splenectomy, the periodontal diseases were more frequent than those without splenectomy. Discussion: These difference in GI and OHI between the case and control groups could be attributed to maxillo-facial disorders, mouth breathing, imperfect plaque control, as well as host immune factors due to splenectomy which predisposes these patients to periodontal diseases. Gingival diseases were more prevalent in patients with thalassemia due to more plaque formation