ABSTRACT
Hemophilia is a congenital disease resulting in deficiency of clotting factors. For this reason they have a constant need of clotting factors which makes them one of the largest consumers of blood products. Through this blood product use, many of these patients have become infected by hepatitis C virus [HCV]. We have studied the seroprevalence of anti-HCV antibody and HCV infection in hemophilic patients refereeing to Iran Hemophilia Society center in Tehran. In a cross-sectional study we reviewed files of all hemophilic patients registered in Iran Hemophilia Society center in Tehran from 2003 to 2005. Subjects with available results of anti-HCV antibody were included. Among the 1170 files examined, 1095 contained data on HCV infection status. From these, 802 subjects [72.3%] had anti-HCV antibodies. Genotype 1 was most common [60%] followed by genotype 3 [38%]. Almost 10% of patients with anti-HCV antibodies had a negative HCV RNA by PCR. HCV is very common among hemophilic patients and considering the risk for the patients and their contacts it is necessary to screen all hemophiliacs for HCV and treat if indicated
ABSTRACT
Objective: To study the prevalence and mean intensity of parasites from pike, [Esox lucius] in Amir Kelaieh Lagoon
Design: Descriptive study
Animals: A total of 78 pikes
Procedure: Cutting the wall of body cavity and removing viscera which include intestine, liver, ovaries, testis and etc to isolate the parasites, cutting the muscles and finding the cysts of the parasites in them, fixing the metazoans by formalin 10% and protozoans by schaudinn's fluids, clearing the nematodes by lactophenol, staining the other parasites by acetocarmine and identifying them by identification keys [Moravec, 1994 ; Bykhovskaya and Pavlovskaya, 1962] . Statistical analysis: Calculating the prevalence, mean intensity and range of the parasites by Microsoft Excel and comparing infections based on season, sex and age by Z test and One Way Anova test [P0.05]
Results: Collection of ten different parasite species from pikes of the lagoon including Raphidascaris acus [prevalence = 26.9%, mean intensity = 8.7] ; Camallanus lacustris [p = 6.4%, mi = 1.8] ; Eustrongylides excisus [p =2.6%, mi = 1]; Triaenophorus crassus [p=9%, mi=2.7] ;Trichodina sp. [p = 1.28%, mi=10] ; Tetraonchus monenteron [p = 20.5%, mi = 12] ; Diplostomum spathaceum [p = 7.7, mi = 3.6] Lemaea sp. [p= 2.6%, mi] ; Argulus sp. [p =3.8%, mi = 1.33] ; piscicola .sp. [p =1.28%, mi = I]
Conclusion: The results of the survey showed that the parasite community of pike had much diversity due to piscivorous diet of the fish and the parasites which had vertebrate [fish] intermediate hosts, including Eustrongylides excisus. Raphidascaris acus and etc. the prevalence and mean intensity of Raphidascaris acus were more than other parasites . Camallanus lacustris is reported for the first time from pike in Iran