Evaluating a murine model of endometritis using uterine isolates of Escherichia coli from postpartum buffalo

Ascending infection of the uterus with Gram-negative bacteria is responsible for postpartum endometritis in cattle and buffalo and can adversely affect fertility. Development of a laboratory animal model for bovine endometritis would facilitate the understanding of the pathogenesis as it is difficult to conduct controlled experimentation in the native host. In the present study, 30 virgin Swiss Albino mice [5-8 weeks old] were used to evaluate the pathogenic potential of Escherichia coli, isolated from the normally calved postpartum buffalo to induce endometritis. Mice in the diestrus phase of the estrous cycle were randomly allotted to one of the following four intravaginal inoculation [100 microL] treatments: EG [experimental group]-1: sterile normal saline; EG-2, -3 and -4: E. coli@ 1.5 × 104, 105 and 106 CFU/ml, respectively. The animals were then scarified 36 h post-inoculation to study gross and microscopical lesions. Gross changes were confined to EG-4. Acute endometritis was recorded in 50% of the EG-3 and 66.7% of the EG-4. The rate of acute endometritis development was significantly higher in EG-4 [P<0.05] as compared to the other groups. The present study demonstrated that the animal model for bubaline endometritis can be developed in mice by intravaginal inoculation of E. coli@ 1.5 × 106 CFU/ml at diestrus. Ease of intravaginal inoculation, apparent absence of systemic involvement and high infective rate are the advantages of the model over other studies

Efficacy of ultrasound diagnostic criteria using scoring system for infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis [IHPS]

An analytic cross sectional study in the Department of Paediatric Surgery, Mayo Hospital, Lahore conducted. Twenty patients of non-bilious projectile vomiting with a control group of 20 patients were evaluated from June 2001 to May 2002. An attempt was made to prepare a diagnostic criteria with a scoring system using ultrasonography as a primary tool. Pyloric diameter was 9.1

Mathieu repair in distal penile hypospadias with or without stent

To compare the outcome of two techniques for repair of distal penile hypospadias: Mathieus repair with and without stent. Prospective observational descriptive study. Department of Paediatric Surgery, Mayo Hospital, Lahore from September 2000 to September 2002. Sixty boys were randomly assigned the two groups of thirty boys each. Detailed scrutiny of procedure done and analyses of the clinical outcome made prospectively. A total of sixty patients were treated in two separate groups. All the boys had Mathieus repair done for distal hypospadias. In group A stent/ indwelling catheter was used for 7-8 days while in group B no stent was used. Stratification was done using Chi square test. Median age was 4 years and most of them belonged to low socioeconomic class [61.6%]. A high percentage [48.3% were born to mothers of age ranging from 30-40 years. Sixteen [26.66%] patients had a family history of hypospadias. Only twelve mothers [2 0%] gave a positive history of drug intake in first trimester. Sixteen [26.66%] patients had associated anomalies of undescended testis / inguinal hernia. Twenty four [40%] patients were brought because of the abnormal appearance of the childs penis while their stream [21.66%] and dysuria [25%] were presenting complaints of two other major groups. Mathieus repair was done in all cases with group A. Thirty boys [50%] having a stent post operatively and the group B thirty boys [50%] were without stent. Total complications rate is 46.66% with group a showing eight cases [26.66%] and group B having twenty [66.66%] cases with compliec. Major complication in group B was urinary retention in eleven cases [36.66%] while no patient had retention in group A. overall twenty six [86.66%] in group A and twenty one [70%] in group B showed satisfactory results. Mathieus repair without stent has been advantage of shorter hospital stay but a fair proportion of patients [36.66%] having urinary retention calls for further studies on a larger scale

Efficacy of bupivacaine infiltration in post operative pain relief in children

A series of 156 cases in being presented in which Bupivacaine was used either as a nerve block or for infiltration of operative field. This article presents an overview of the post-operative pain in children with a special emphasis on regional blockade by Bupivacaine