[Bleaching effect of sodium perborate mixed with four different concentrations of H[2]O[2] on artificial stained pulpless teeth]

The use of various techniques of teeth bleaching as a conservative and low-cost procedure is common and generally accepted today. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the bleaching effect of sodium perborate mixed with four different concentrations of H[2]O[2] on artificial stained pulpless teeth. In this experimental single-blind study, 64 extracted human premolars were stained in vitro with human RBCs mixed with iron sulfide II, and randomly divided into 4 test groups and one control group. The bleaching agents of sodium perborate mixed with 7.5%, 15% and 30% H[2]O[2] and distilled water were placed in pulp chambers of the teeth. The bleaching effects of each group were evaluated using a digital camera and L*a*b system. Adobe Photoshop 7.0 software was used to measure the color changes through the procedure. Delta E was used to describe color changes numerically. The data were analyzed by Kolmogorov Smirnov, ANOVA and SPSS Ver. 9.0 software. The results revealed that sodium perborate mixed with H[2]O[2] 30% significantly had more whitening effect than the other groups [P=0.001], but there was no significant difference among the bleaching effect of the other groups. The most bleaching effect was gained by H[2]O[2] 30% .On the other hand due to no significant difference between 15% and 7.5% of H[2]O[2] with water, using sodium perborate mixed with water is one of the safest methods in teeth bleaching

[Ten years trend of hypertension in over 18 years old persons in Isfahan]

Different studies have shown that antihypertensive therapy has been associated with reductions of 35-40 percent in stroke incidence, 20-25 percent in myocardial infarction and more than 50 percent in heart failure. This study evaluated the trend of hypertension, the mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure, the patients' awareness of treatment and control of hypertension among over 18 years population of Isfahan This report consisted of 3 cross sectional epidemiological surveys performed in 1991, 1997 and 2000. The trend of hypertension, the rate of awareness of the treatment and control of hypertension were evaluated. The 3 studies were cross-sectional with randomized-clustering sampling. The patients from both sexes were invited to the hypertension clinic of Isfahan Cardiovascular Research center. Student t-test and chi-square test were employed for data analysis. Prevalence of hypertension decreased from 1991 to 2000 [31.8% in 1991 and 17.5% in 2000] but it was insignificant among over 60 years old persons. There was no significant difference between sexes. The mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure of both male and female hypertensive patients significantly decreased from 1991 to 2000 [male: from 132.2/89.5 to 116.8/73.8 and female: from 133.07/88.2 to 113.7/72.8]. The patients' awareness of treatment and control of hypertension increased from 1991 to 2000. Women controlled their hypertension more than men did[16.05% in women and 6.5% in men]. The decreasing prevalence of hypertension, mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure and the increasing trend of patients' awareness of treatment and control of hypertension, from 1991 to 2000 are promising but the high prevalence of hypertension among over 60 years old patients requires implementing more effective methods to control their hypertension