[Comparison of postural position and body mass index in elementary male students in public and private elementary schools]

Background and Objective: Skeleton abnormalities have adverse effect on skeleton structure and natural shape of hight. This study was done to compare the postural position and body mass index in elementary male students in public and private elementary schools

Methods: This descriptive - analytic study was done on 1254 boys [627 subjects of elementary public school and private elementary schools Abhar city in North West of Iran. Weight and height and body mass index of students were measured. Stature abnormalities measured with Bob, Kayfometer, Goniometer, Caliper and Padscope

Results: BMI of students was more in private school [18.23 +/- 3.76] in compare to public schools [17.4 +/- 3.46] [P<0.05]. Scoliosis, kyphosis, flat back, lordosis, flat foot and pescavus abnormalities was more in students of public schools in comparision with private school [P<0.05]

Conclusion: Physical inactivity and lack of adequate exercise space in private schools cause over weight and stature abnormalities

[Knee joint muscles activity during single leg drop landing from different heights among men with genu varum and men with normal knee]

Background and Objective: Genuvarum is considered as one of the risk factors for the incidence of osteoarthritis. This study was done to compare the knee joint muscles activity during single leg drop landing from different heights among men with genu varum and men with normal knee

Methods: This case - control study was done on 20 male students with genu varum deformity and 20 male students with normal knee. Genu varum deformity was measured by a kolis and goniometer. Muscle activity of lower limb was recorded with electromyography

Results: There was significant difference in muscles activity of medialis gastrucnemius, peroneus longus, biceps femoris and gluteus medius in cases and controls [P<0.05], while no significant difference was observed in other muscles

Conclusion: The changes in the knee normal structure might affect daily activities and possibly lead to in injuries due to physical training

[Comparison of leg muscles electromyography during gait in pescavus and planus in men aged 20-28 years]

Variations in lower limb structure can cause movement dysfunction and gait impairment. Since, pescavus and planus are common disorders of the foot; we decided to compare the electromyography of the leg muscles of men with pesplanus and pescavus during gait by using forceplate and EMG. In this semi-experimental study, 30 subjects were assigned randomly to pescavus, planus and rectus groups. Five forward walking trials were recorded for each subject [measured by forceplates embedded in the walkway]. We used matlab and SPSS software for data analysis. P=0.05 was considered significant. To compare the variables between the groups, we used one-way ANOVA and Tukey post-hoc tests. EMG activities of the soleus and gastrocnemius muscles in stance phase between the 3 groups did not show any significant differences [P>0.05], but the activity of the fibularislongus muscle during the first double stance and second double stance showed significant differences between the groups[P<0.05]. Also, we found significant differences between the groups in relation to the activity of the tibialis anterior muscle during the whole stance phase [P<0.05]. The changes in the normal structure of the foot might affect the function of the muscles during daily and sport activities that can cause changes in the pattern of injuries. This study can help better organization of the rehabilitation programs and activities for those with abnormal foot types