ABSTRACT
Surgical site infection by M. tuberculosis is uncommon and its diagnosis can be missed unless there is strong clinical suspicion coupled with laboratory confirmation. We report a case of primary tuberculous surgical site infection without any evidence of pulmonary, skeletal or gastrointestinal tuberculosis in an immunocompetent patient, presented as non healing discharging wound following lower uterine caesarean section [LUCS]. This is the first case report of its kind from Bangladesh to the best of our knowledge. The case was diagnosed by detection of acid fast bacilli [AFB] in pus by Ziehl Neelsen staining and histological evidence of granulomatous lesion compatible with tuberculosis found in surgically excised granulation tissue. The patient was treated with 4 anti-tubercular drugs regimen for initial two months and responded well showing complete healing of her wound. The case is being reported primarily for its unusual site and rarity as Mycobacterial infection
ABSTRACT
Serum total prostate specific antigen [PSA], free fraction of total prostate specific antigen percent [fPSA%] and prostate specific antigen density [PSAD] have all been considered as valuable non-invasive tumor markers for prostate cancer. This study was carried out to evaluate and compare the performances of serum total PSA, fPSA% and PSAD in terms of their sensitivity, specificity and overall diagnostic accuracy for prostate cancer. Fifty [50] DRE [digital rectal examination]-positive patients admitted in Rajshahi Medical College Hospital [RMCH], Bangladesh during January, 2006 to January, 2008 were included. Estimation of serum total PSA and fPSA% were done by ELISA [Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay] using commercially available kits. Data pertaining to volume of prostate as determined by transabdominal ultrasonography were used to calculate PSAD and histology of the surgically resected prostatic tissue was done for laboratory confirmation of prostate cancer for all patients. Diagnostic sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of serum total PSA, fPSA% and PSAD were calculated using standard formulae against histopathological diagnosis. Prostate cancer was revealed in 41 of 50 patients by histopathological examination with mean age of 71.2 +/- 10.1 years. There were 9 cases detected as Nodular Hyperplasia of Prostate [NHP] with prostate-specific biomarkers mostly within their normal range. The sensitivity, specificity and overall diagnostic accuracy for prostate cancer of serum total PSA [at cut off value of >10 ng/ml] were 80.48%, 88.90% and 82.00%, for serum fPSA [at cut off value of <25%], were 92.68%, 77.80% and 90.00% and for PSAD [at a cut off value of > 0.15 ng/ ml/cm[3]], were found to be 90.00%, 88.90% and 90.00% respectively. Histologically, 27 [65.85%], 13 [31.71%] and 01 [2.44%] cases were labeled as poorly differenntiated, moderately differentiated and well differentiated carcinoma respectively and overwhelming majority had excellent correlation with all prostate-specific biomarkers. These results reinforce that different prostate-specific biomarkers have good diagnostic prediction with free PSA percent and PSAD have slightly better diagnostic accuracy over serum total PSA for prostate cancer