ABSTRACT
Hematological studies are valuable diagnostic techniques in the medical care of fish, reflecting the health condition and the effects of environmental factors on fish. Due to the high value of sturgeon fish and necessity to recover the brood stock, this study was done to provide data about hematological parameters and reproduction normative of wild brood stock beluga, Huso huso, from the southeast of the Caspian Sea. Hematological parameters including RBC, WBC, hematocrit, hemoglobin, MCV, MCH, MCHC, and differential leukocyte count were determined. In this regard, 7 male and 7 female wild broods were studied. Differences in mentioned parameters between genders were evaluated. The correlations among parameters were also determined. According to the results, the male fish had significantly higher WBC and lymphocyte and lower neutrophil compared to the females. Also, functional fecundity was 447000 +/- 157210 and weight of extracted oocytes was 35.4 +/- 3.78 mg/ cell. The oocytes' long diameter was 4.17 +/- 0.21mm and width diameter was 3.75 +/- 0.19 mm. Egg fertilization rate was 46.7 +/- 24.33%, and larvae weight was 25.48 +/- 1.56 mg. Hematological parameters of juvenile and fingerling reared beluga showed wide ranges, and there are differences in hematological parameters between reared and wild broodstock belugas. These findings highlight the importance of hematological study in wild beluga sturgeon
ABSTRACT
Human Noroviruses [NoVs] are one of the important causes of acute gastroenteritis. NoVs are highly infectious and also spread by person to person transmission through the fecal-oral route. NoVs can be classified into five major genogroups, of which genogroups I and II are recognized as the major cause of NoVs infections in human. There is not enough information about Norovirus gastroenteritis in adult patients in Tehran. The aim of this study was to determine the rate of diarrhea caused by NoVs infection in adult patients with acute gastroenteritis referring to Shohada Hospital in Tehran. From May to February 2008 we collected 67 stool samples from the patients older than 18 years of age with acute gastroenteritis. RNA was extracted and RT-PCR was performed using specific primers which could distinguish between genogroups I and II of NoVs. Three stool samples [4.5%] were positive for NoVs RNA. All of three positive samples obtained in autumn belonged to genogroup I. The mean age of NoVs infected patients was 32+8.7 years. The results of our study revealed the role of NoVs as a cause of gastroenteritis in adult patients. It's also demonstrated that genogroup I of Norovirus is the most prevalent genogroup in adults with acute gastroenteritis in Tehran
Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Norovirus/genetics , Gastroenteritis/virology , Genotype , Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionABSTRACT
Ancylostoma tubaeforme was originally described as a separate species parasitizing the cat. The adults of A. tubaeforme are 7 to 12 mm long. A. tubaeforme can be differentiated from the adults of A. braziliense and A. ceylanicum by the presence of three teeth. Here we describe the first report of A. tubaeforme in a Persian young female leopard, 2-3 years old, with head and trunk length 120 centimeters, length of tail 98 centimeters and body weight 35 kilograms