Evaluation of cellular toxicityfor cisplatin, arsenic and a-cetaminophen in the cancer and normal cell line

Cell culture is a process in which the cells ware isolated from original tissue, dispersed in liquid media and then placed in culture plate where the cells adhere together and propagate. Today, this method is used for assessment of cell toxicity, its mechanisms and effect of different compounds on intracellular components. Clonogenic assay was used for assessment of cell toxicity and amount of cell death after a specific time during which cells were exposed to different compounds. Thus, IC50 in caner cell lines [HePG2, SKOV3 and A549] and normal cell [LLCPK1, CHO and HGF1] was assessed after exposure to cisplatin, acetaminophen and arsenic. Results showed that acetaminophen has maximum resistance and minimum sensitivity in CHO line with IC50 = 16.7 +/- 1.06 HePG2 with IC50 = 18.6 +/- 1.29. On the other hand, cisplatin showed minimum resistance and maximum sensitivity in HePG2 with IC50 = 0.87 +/- 0.07 and HGF1 with IC50 = 1.6 +/- 0.21 and lastly, arsenic showed minimum resistance and maximum sensitivity in A549 with IC50 = 4.59 +/- 0.29 and LLCPK1 with IC50-1 +/- 0.37. According to the evaluated IC50, there were differences between results of sensitivity of cell lines exposed to the three drugs [P < 0.05]. Entirely, resistance in cancer cell lines was lower than normal cells. The results showed the importance of cell defensive mechanisms encountering different substances like glutathione

Utilization pattern of antibiotics in different wards of Sari Imam Khomeini teaching hospital

Due to an increase in cases of irrational drug prescription and it's health and economic consequences, evaluation of the rational use of drugs seemed necessary. Among drug groups antibiotics are greatly significant. Utilization pattern of antibiotics in different wards of Sari Imam Khomeini teaching hospital in the first half of 2000 and 2005 were reviewed. ATC/DDD [Anatomic, Therapeutic, Chemical/ Defined Daily Dose] methodology was used. Data showed, use of antibiotics jumped from 95.4 DBDs [DDD per patient's bed-days] to 124 DBDs. Distribution of different class of anti-microbial, showed the highest increase in use of vancomycin and clindamycin. Use of cotrimoxazole and aminoglycosides remained fairly unchanged, howerrs consumption of Penicillin G dropped. In year 2005, ICU ward followed by gynecology, were among the University Hospital departments with the highest consumption of antibiotics. Cefazolin was the most prescribed antibiotics during this study. It appears that there is a need for more national drug policities and drug education program for health care professionals. Evaluation of drug distribution in hospitals seems to be necessary