ABSTRACT
Based on the efficacy of paromomycin ointment and recent ongoing clinical trials of combination of paromomycin and gentamicin, a new physical form of films of the paromomycin and gentamicin was prepared and anti-Leishmania activities of the prepared films were assessed in vitro and in vivo. Paromomycin 15% and gentamicin 0.5% was incorporated in a film using ethyl cellulose and HPMC [Hydroxyl Propyl Methyl Cellulose]. In order to assess the drug release and anti-Leishmania activities of the preparation, a clone L. major parasite was established using a set of modified NNN medium without overaly liquid layer. Therapeutic effects of the films were evaluated using Balb/c mice model. The mice were inoculated with 2x10[6] L. major promastigotes [MRHO/IR/75/ER] and then when the lesions developed the mice were randomly divided in 3 groups, 10 mice per group, and treated with either perpetrated films or placebo for 28 days or left untreated. Growth inhibition of cloned promastigotes showed that the films have enough releasing capacity and in vivo system, the films containing paromomycin and gentamicin was able to reduce the lesion size and induced complete cure in 80% of the mice but relapse was seen in 60% of the cured mice and overall 50% cure rate was seen during 20 weeks period of the study. It seems that the prepared films might be further used in human clinical trials
ABSTRACT
Background: glucantime is regarded as the first line in the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis, but failure to treatment is a problem in many cases. óEvaluation of glucantime activity in the cutaneous leishmaniasis complicated with secondary bacterial infection compared with uncomplicated lesions
Materials and Methods: this experimental clinical trial Patients enrolled in the study had cutaneous leishmaniasis. The lesions were scraped with sterile swap and cultured into the blood agar medium. All the patients were treated with systemic glucantime for 3 weeks and followed for 2months. Response to treatment was defined as loss of infiltration, re epithelization and negative smear, and unresponsiveness defined as unchanging the size of the lesions without re epithelization and positive smear at the end of the study. Regarding to results of cultures, the lesions were divided into two groups with positive and negative cultures and glucantime activity was compared between two groups
Results: out of 161 patients enrolled in the study, 123 [76.4%] were Negative and 38 patients [23.6%] were Positive for secondary bacterial infection. In groups with negative bacterial culture response to treatment was 65 % [80 Patients] and in the other group was 31.6% [12 patients] [X2= 13.77, P<0.01]
Conclusion: activity of glucantime decreased in cutaneous leishmaniasis lesions with secondary bacterial infection
ABSTRACT
Background: Gastritis is one of the most common digestive disorders with considerable effects on health and immunity. With respect to the role of unhealthy living in gastric diseases, studying on lifestyle can detect inappropriate behaviors in lifestyle for having a more healthier one
Purpose: This analytical case-control study was conducted to determine the relation between lifestyle and chronic gastritis in clients referring to hospitals affiliated to Universities of Medical Sciences in Tehran in 2003
Methods: The study population consisted of 80 randomly selected clients with predetermined criteria. Those with or without gastritis were matched in terms of demopraphic features. A questionnaire validated by content validity and made reliable by test-retest was used to collect data
Findings: Results indicated that there was a significant difference between the groups in terms of eating habits, sleep patterns, smoking, alcohol consumption, types of drugs taken, and the frequency of stressors [p<0.05]
Conclusion: It 'seems that there is a relation between lifestyle and chronic gastritis