Aprendizaje basado en problemas (ABP) como estrategia para adquisición de competencias genéricas: estudiantes de nutrición y dietética, Universidad de La Frontera / Problem-based learning as a strategy for acquisition of generic skills: students of nutrition and dietetics, Universidad de La Frontera

The study of generic skills in the training of health professionals has become an instrument of increasing value to the institutions of higher education and health centers. In order to know in detail the opinions of students of the career of nutrition and dietetics of the Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco-Chile related to the generic competences acquired during their training process, 5th year students took part in two focus groups, after signing an informed consent. The analysis of data followed a scheme of progressive reduction of them, validating by triangulation of researchers. The results represent the consistency that must exist between study and educational plan didactics in the development of the generic competences, so necessary nowadays for the work insertion of health professionals.

El estudio de competencias genéricas en la formación de profesionales de la salud se ha convertido en un instrumento de valor creciente para las instituciones de educación superior y centros asistenciales. Con el objetivo de conocer en detalle las opiniones del alumnado de la Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética, de la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco-Chile relacionadas con las competencias genéricas adquiridas durante su proceso de formación, se realizó una investigación cualitativa, mediante estudio de caso. Participaron estudiantes de 5° año en dos grupos focales, previa firma de consentimiento informado. El análisis de datos siguió un esquema de reducción progresiva de ellos, validándose por triangulación de investigadores. Los resultados representan la congruencia que debe existir entre el plan de estudio y didáctica educativa en el desarrollo de competencias genéricas, tan necesarias en el mundo actual para la inserción laboral de profesionales de la salud.

Factores de riesgo cardiovascular en 15 nefrópatas de la ciudad de Temuco en diálisis crónica: comparación descriptiva con la población general chilena / Cardiovascular risk factors in 15 nephrology patients in maintenance dialysis of Temuco city: comparison with chilean general population

Patients in chronic hemodialysis have a high mortality due to cardiovascular diseases. To study cardiovascular risk factors and nutritional status in a group of patients in maintenance hemodialysis, body mass index, blood pressure, serum levels of total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides and albumin were measured in 15 patients (8 males). Data were compared with available figures for the normal chilean population. Age ranged from 33 to 60 years oldin female patients and from 22 to 63 years old in males. Thirteen subjects (87 percent) has a high blood pressure, all had HDL cholesterol levels below 35 mg/dl, 4 (27 percent) had a total cholesterol over 200 mg/dl, 3 had triglyceride levels over 200 mg/dl, 2 (13 percent) smoked and none were diabetic. Mean body mass index was normal, albumin levels were 4.16 and 4.02 g/dl and serum creatinine was 11.64 and 9.68 mg/dl in males and females respectively. The estimated prevalence of high blood pressure, hypercholesterolemia and smoking in the general chilean population range from 9 to 22 percent, from 50 to 52 percent and from 45 to 51 percent respectively. In conclusion, this group of patients has a high frequency of high blood pressure and low HDL cholesterol levels