Evaluation the Levels of IFN-gamma, IL-10 and concentration of Zn in children with visceral leishmaniasis

Visceral Leishmaniasis [VL] is a systemic infection of the reticulo- endothelial system that could affect on immune system and biochemical parameters like the concentration of trace elements which may be significantly changed. Evaluating the level of cytokines [INF- gamma, IL-10] and concentration of Zn in Visceral Leishmaniasis in children after diagnosis. A total of [98] child their ages rang [6m-5y] were attending to the Central Public Health Laboratory and Teaching Laboratories of Medical City suspected to be infected with kala-azar, the diagnosis was done by both IFAT technique and Rapid Kala-azar [r-K39] detecting test and evaluating the level of cytokines [INF- gamma, IL-10] by ELISA and concentration of trace element [Zn] by Atomic Absorption Technique. The dipstick test [r-K39] showed a high sensitivity of [92.1%] compared to IFAT [73.6%] with a specificity of 100% for both tests. Serum samples of 56 child with positive results in IFAT and rK39 test were used for the investigation of IL-10, IFN- gamma. The mean levels of IL-10 [80.207 +/- 77.54 Pg/ml] and IFN- gamma [5.426 +/- 4.599 IU/ml] were highly significant increased in patients compared to healthy controls .The mean level of serum Zn [69.71 +/- 7.97 micro g/dl] was significantly low in VL patients compared to healthy controls. This study showed that the [r-K39] dipstick test could be more sensitive than IFAT technique in the diagnosis of VL with a specificity of 100% for both test according to clinical diagnosis. Both IFN- gamma and IL-10 were significantly increased in VL patients as compared to controls group. The concentration of Zinc was significantly lower in VL patients than healthy controls

Assessment of immunopathological response of serum immunoglobulins and protective role of complement components in Iraqi patients with hydatidosis

Hydatid disease is a widely distributed disease caused by the larval stage of the Cestode Echinococcus. Inflammation increases the synthesis of immunoglobulins and complement components [C3 and C4] presumably through the action of interleukin 1 and gamma interferon. Assessment of immunopathotogical response of scrum immnnoglobulins and complement components [C3 and C4] in Iraqi patients that might be a fleeted as inflammatory response to hydatid disease. A total number of 50 patients with radiological diagnosis of HD wore studied. Surgical interference had been done to 20 out of 50 patients and the results of surgery gave a clinical confirmation of the diagnosis of HD. Sera from patients with HD and 38 apparently healthy controls were obtained for measurement of immunoglobulins [lgG. IgM and IgA] and complement components [C3 and C4] by Radial Immunodiffuision Assay [Biomaghreb]. Hydatid patients showed increases of IgG [P value < 0.001] IgM and IgA levels [p value <0.05] in comparison to the control group, but these variables start to decrease after surgical treatment that is significant only in case of IgM [P value <0.05]. and this might be due to activation of humoral immunity against HD. Complement components were found to be insignificantly lower in patients with HD in comparison to control group [P value > 0.05] and higher in one week postoperative period in comparsion preoperative period [P value > 0.05]. This might mean consumption of complement and it's activation or it might be due to anticomplementary action of the hydatid cyst. The picture that has emerged from this study is that HC wall might have anticomplementary action. And serum complement component tend to increase in postoperative period

Identification of entamoeba histolytica and entamoeba dispar on the bases of Ingested RBCs in amoeba trophozoites

This study was carried out on total of 1184 patients presented with gastroentersis attending Baghdad teaching hospital ad Ai-Mansoor teaching hospital from June b2000 to10 May 2001. The study was perfumed to find the incidence of Entamoeba histolytica infection among gastroenteritis cases on the bases of the presence or absence of ingested RBCs in the trophozoite stage. Diagnosis was based on clinical and laboratory tests including stool occult blood test, macro and microscopic stool examination was carried out to determine the presence of blood, pus, mucus and parasites Two hundred and twelve out of 1184 patients were infected with morphologically identical E. histolytica trophozoites, 144 [28.2%] of them were hematophagous trophozoites. Stool occult blood tests were positive in 107[74.3%] out of patients with hematophagous trophozoites and 10 [14.7%] non-hematophagous trophozoite