ABSTRACT
Pelletized dosage forms can be prepared by different methods which, in general, are time consuming and labor intensive. The current study was carried out to investigate the feasibility of preparing the spherical pellets of omeprazole by sieving-spheronization. An optimized formulation was also prepared by extrusion-spheronization process to compare the physical parameters between these two methods. The omeprazole pellets were consisted of microcrystalline cellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone K 30, sodium lauryl sulphate and polyethylene glycol 6000. The omeprazole delay release system was developed by coating the prepared pellets with aqueous dispersion of Kollicoat 30 DP. The moisture content, spheronization speed and residence time found to influence the final properties of omeprazole pellets prepared by extrusion-spheronization and sieving-spheronization. The Mann-Whitney test revealed that both methods produced closely similar characteristics of the pellets in terms of, friability [p=0.553], flowability [p=0.677], hardness [p=0.103] and density [bulk, p=0.514, tapped, p=0.149] except particle size distribution [p=0.004]. The percent drug release from the coated formulation prepared by sieving-spheronization and extrusion spheronization was observed to be 84.12 +/- 1.10% and 82.67 +/- 0.96%, respectively. Dissolution profiles of both formulations were similar as indicated by values of f1 and f2, 1.52 and 89.38, respectively. The coated formulation prepared by sieving-spheronization and commercial reference product, Zimore[registered] also showed similar dissolution profiles [f1=1.22, f2=91.52]. The pellets could be prepared using sieving-spheronization. The process is simple, easy, less time- and labor-consuming and economical as compared to extrusion-spheronization process.
Subject(s)
Drug Implants , Chemistry, PharmaceuticalABSTRACT
In Pakistan, a funded flour fortification program was launched for malnourished population, residing mainly in rural low income areas, but the urban population having comparatively better nutritional as well as economic status was focused wherein excessive intake of fortificants might cause complications. Therefore, the present study describes the physicochemical properties, elemental composition, nutritional components and hemoglobin/ferritin increasing potential of fortified and non-fortified flour. Domesticated chicken [Gallus gallus domesticus], either sex, age one month, weight 380 +/- 18.28 g, were randomly segregated into 4 groups [n=6]. The group I, II and III were fed on fortified flour, whereas group IV was fed on non-fortified flour for 30 days. The birds were weighed and blood samples of each of the birds were analyzed for determination of markers of iron status, hemoglobin [Hb] and serum ferritin [SF]. Moisture, ash and iron contents were found to be lower in non-fortified flour than that of the fortified samples. Hb and SF levels in groups fed on fortified flour were significantly higher than the one received non-fortified flour [P < 0.05]. The consumption of iron-fortified flour increases iron stores in the body without any further complication but long-term usage needs to be monitored.
Subject(s)
Animals , Flour , Food, Fortified , Iron , Hemoglobins , Ferritins , ChickensABSTRACT
The effects of diclofenac sodium, diclofenac potassium, alminoprofen and aspirin on serum electrolytes [serum Na[+] and K[+]], urea and creatinine were compared in rabbits in acute and chronic phases of treatment. The data suggested that all the four drugs markedly increased the serum electrolytes, urea and creatinine levels in both posttreatment phases. In conclusion, present study does not present any advantage of diclofenac sodium over diclofenac potassium at electrolyte levels on short and long term treatment. Nevertheless, current data support the evidence of renal function impairment by all the four drug therapies used in the present study, which is generally caused by NSAIDS
ABSTRACT
Simvastatin is a competitive inhibitor of HMG-CoA [3-hydroxy 3-Methyl glutaryl Coenzyme A] reductase. Present study proposed that the lipid lowering effect of simvastatin may be enhanced, if it was taken with fat free diet and morning walk. Cross Sectional Study. This study was conducted at Fatima Jinnah Medical College, Lahore for a period of six months from December 2009 to May 2010. 20 male and 20 female obese patients were selected. The obese patients were re-examined three times i.e. before giving the simvastatin, then after 6 and 12 weeks. The patients were advised to take fat free diet and a morning walk. Serum Cholesterol, serum Triglycerides and serum Lipoprotiens [HDL, LDL] were determined. This study shows that with use of simvastatin, serum cholesterol, serum triglycerides, and serum LDL-Cholesterol was reduced significantly and serum HDL-Cholesterol increased significantly in both sexes. It was also observed that the fat free diet and some exercise causes weight reduction. It is therefore concluded that simvastatin shows significant lipid lowering effects augment process of body weight reduction, if patients used calorie restricted diet with some morning walk
ABSTRACT
Study was conducted to observe the relationship of ions with lipid profile and protein content of hypertensive patients. Lipid profile, ions and serum and urinary proteins were studied in patients with hypertension and compared with normal subjects. Serum cholesterol, triglyceride and LDL-chol were significantly increased, whereas the level of HDL-cholesterol was significantly decreased in patients as compared to their controls. Serum calcium was increased, whereas the level of serum magnesium was decreased as compared to control subjects. Serum protein level is non significantly decreased whereas serum albumin and urinary protein decreased significantly. Beside lipid profile, there may be a role of ions like calcium and magnesium as will as of protein in hypertension