ABSTRACT
Background: Diabetes is one of the fastest growing health challenges of the 21st century, with the number of adults living with diabetes having more than tripled over the past 20 years. IDRS is pre-screening tool for assessing diabetes mellitus. It is also a non-invasive procedure and less time consuming. Aim were to assess diabetes risk among adult urban population of district Etawah by using Indian Diabetes Risk Score and to correlate it with actual capillary blood sugar status. Methods: The present study was a cross sectional study carried out among 200 adult urban non diabetic population the age group of 30 years and above. The data was collected using predesigned questionnaire followed by capillary blood sugar estimation. The data was collected under following broad heading: socio-demographic profile, Behavioural factor, Indian diabetes risk score and capillary blood sugar estimation. Results: Majority of the participants were in the age group of 35-49 years and Hindu by religion. 62.5% gave history of fast food consumption, nearly half of the participants gave the history of moderate to heavy physical exercise. It was found that 89% of the participants fall under the category of intermediate and high risk category. On application of test of association between IDRS score and actual capillary blood sugar level, strong association exist between the two variables. Conclusions: The present study concludes that IDRS is a powerful tool for screening of high risk group of diabetes. There is a strong association between capillary blood sugar and IDRS score.
ABSTRACT
Background: With the help of ‘Revised National Tuberculosis Control Program’ (RNTCP), India has envisioned to end Tuberculosis (TB) five years ahead of the targets set by SDG which was by 2030. Regular evaluation is necessary for every programme to keep the programme in track and to identify the existing lacunae. Therefore, this study was planned to assess the awareness of TB patients regarding RNTCP along with identifying the factors which determine satisfaction of TB patients. Methods: A community-based cross sectional study was conducted on patients seeking treatment at district tuberculosis centre and DOTs centres of district. The data were collected using a close-ended, pretested and pre-validated questionnaire. Results: The mean score for awareness regarding TB among 205 study participants was 5.76±1.88 with level of awareness being poor, average and good in 41%, 31% and 28% of the study participants respectively. The mean satisfaction score was 9.47±1.02 and the services were perceived as good, average and poor by 56%, 39% and 5% of the study population respectively. Majority of the participants were unsatisfied due to the untimely distribution of the money provided under Nikshay Poshan Yojna (31.7%). The reasons for satisfaction among majority of the participants was the availability of staff at DOTS Centre (87.3%). A significant correlation was observed between satisfaction score and awareness score (r2=0.033, p=0.01). Conclusions: The overall awareness and satisfaction about RNTCP services was good among TB patients with a greater satisfaction among people with high awareness.
ABSTRACT
Nipah Virus is a recently emerging zoonotic virus with disease causing potential in both animals and humans. Nipah virus belongs to the family of paramyxovirida, genus Henipavirus along with Hendra virus. (1) The knowledge of human infection with Henipavirus was limited to a very small number of cases infected with Hendra virus in Australia during 1994-1999 which was responsible for deaths of two humans and seventeen horses. (2) Nipah virus was first identified and isolated in 1999 in Malaysia during an outbreak of febrile illness among pig farmers and people who were in close contacts with pigs. (3) In 2001, Nipah virus was identified as the causative agent of outbreak in Bangladesh. Since then number of outbreaks has been reported in various districts of Bangladesh. (4) In India, a total of three outbreaks of Nipah have been reported, latest being on 19th May 2018, from Kozhikode district of Kerala. (5) With a fatality rate of 58%, Nipah virus is primarily seen to cause encephalitis and severe respiratory distress. Despite of the severe pathogenicity and high pandemic potential there is no specific treatment for Nipah virus encephalitis except for supportive and symptomatic treatment.