ABSTRACT
Objective：The aim of this study was to develop an 8-item Japanese Arthritis Self-Efficacy Scale (ASES-8J）and perform pilot testing of its face validity and internal consistency in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee.Methods：Translation of the ASES-8J from English into Japanese was performed via forward-translation, back-translation, review by the original developer, and production of the pre-final version. We calculated the mean and standard deviation and Cronbach's alpha coefficient to assess internal consistency. Face validity was assessed by reviewing the results of the pilot study and using in-depth questionnaires on the responders' understanding of the ASES-8J.Results：Forty-one patients with osteoarthritis of the knee participated in the pilot study, with 38 providing valid responses. The mean ± standard deviation was 5.7 ± 2.2. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.96, indicating high internal consistency. Of the responders, 54.9％ stated that it the ASES-8J was very easy or easy to answer. The original developer reviewed ASES-8J to confirm its usefulness.Conclusion：The results indicate that ASES-8J is a useful tool to assess the self-efficacy of patients with osteoarthritis of the knee.
ABSTRACT
Objective：The aim of this study was to develop an 8-item Japanese Arthritis Self-Efficacy Scale (ASES-8J）and perform pilot testing of its face validity and internal consistency in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee.Methods：Translation of the ASES-8J from English into Japanese was performed via forward-translation, back-translation, review by the original developer, and production of the pre-final version. We calculated the mean and standard deviation and Cronbach's alpha coefficient to assess internal consistency. Face validity was assessed by reviewing the results of the pilot study and using in-depth questionnaires on the responders' understanding of the ASES-8J.Results：Forty-one patients with osteoarthritis of the knee participated in the pilot study, with 38 providing valid responses. The mean ± standard deviation was 5.7 ± 2.2. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.96, indicating high internal consistency. Of the responders, 54.9％ stated that it the ASES-8J was very easy or easy to answer. The original developer reviewed ASES-8J to confirm its usefulness.Conclusion：The results indicate that ASES-8J is a useful tool to assess the self-efficacy of patients with osteoarthritis of the knee.
ABSTRACT
<p>Purpose: This study intended to clarify the lesson topics, lesson content and emotions that painfully saddened nursing students with experience of bereavement taking lectures on palliative care, as well as the emotional changes of these students and the support they expect from teachers. Methods: We conducted semi-structured interviews. Their emotions were analyzed following Krippendorff’s method. Results: Thirty-six nursing students participated in the study. Lesson topics and content included “the state and signs of loved ones near death,” and “general lessons.” Feelings and thoughts presented were “regret,” “remembering,” “emotional upset,” “feeling anxiety,” “feeling dissatisfied,” “experiencing a sense of discomfort”, and “empathizing with the people shown in the teaching material as well as their situations.” With the exception of one subject, all subjects experienced a positive change in their emotions. Regarding to the support, 20 people did not require additional support because of “nothing wrong” or “enough”. Conclusions: Teachers need to specifically explain support content and methods many times, and to face lessons with the strong desire to always support their students.</p>
ABSTRACT
The persistence of attitudes toward terminal patients acquired by nursing students from lectures and class-based practical exercises is unclear. The present study investigated whether attitudes persist following palliative care education. Sixty-four nursing students taking a course in palliative care participated in a questionnaire survey using the Frommelt Attitude Toward Care of Dying Scale, Form B, Japanese version before, immediately after, and three months after lectures. The responses of 46 students were analyzed. Attitudes were more positive after lectures. At three months after lectures, both “I. Positivity towards care of dying patients” and “II. Awareness of care focused on the patient and their family” had returned to baseline. Students in this analysis included some who had experienced a relative’s death or who had been present during their dying moments. Despite their experience, three months after lectures there was no different from the students without such experience. Some more approaches are needed to influence the maintenance of a positive attitude toward terminal care.
ABSTRACT
The present study aimed to clarify whether positive attitudes towards terminal patients among nursing students are a）promoted by palliative care lectures, and b）more prevalent among students with experience with a relative’s death or being present during their final moments. A survey was conducted using the Frommelt Attitude Toward Care of Dying Scale, Form B, Japanese version, and scores were compared for pre- and post-palliative care lectures and experience of being present during someone’s dying moments. Responses were obtained from 69 students. Scores for positivity toward care for terminal patients and awareness of patient- and family-centered care were significantly higher after the lectures（<I>p</I>＜0.0001）. No significant difference was observed between scores based on whether they had experience of being present during someone’s dying moments however, scores tended to be higher for students with these experiences. The present findings suggest that palliative care lectures including content related to terminal care are useful for promoting positive attitudes towards terminal patients among nursing students.