ABSTRACT
Anatomy, macro and microscopic study of powdered drug and chemical tests of powdered drug of Pongamia pinnata L. used as miswak were carried out during 2003-2004 in Department of Botany University of Arid Agriculture Rawalpindi. Pongamia pinnata is a medium sized tree, leaves are alternate, imparipinnately compound, having entire leaf margin and elliptic shape. Stem is hard and woody with spreading branches in dropping manner, flowers are pink, white or creamy gray and showy, fruit is elongated pod and brown in colour. Powdered miswak showed parenchyma cells, fibers, vessels, crystals and oil droplets. Cross section of stem showed the epidermis and cortex, the vascular bundles were present in the form of ring. Powdered miswak was pale green and slightly soluble in sulphuric acid and hydrochloric acid. It retained its original colour in benzene and water in mixture and in hydrochloric acid on filter paper
ABSTRACT
The palynological stud of ten wild plant species of L niversity of Arid Agriculture, Raw alpindi [UAAR] was carried during 2003-04, The study was confined to the pollen fertility investigation and morphological characteristics of pollens. It was revealed by microscopic observation that pollen fertility of selected species ranged from 98-100%. The pollen grains of almost all selected wild species were circular in shape. The size of the pollen grains was variable from species to species. Palynological results were found to be a good taxonomic character among these wild species upto family and genus. These information on the pollen grains were useful for future research and serve as a tool for the reconstruction of past vegetation and environment