ABSTRACT
Oromandibular dystonia [OMD] is a rare focal neurological disorder that affects mouth, face, and jaws. This comprehensive literature review aimed to summarize the current evidence for etiology, diagnosis, and management of OMD and assess the possibility of dental origin of the disease and dental treatment plans for these patients. Different online databases namely PubMed, Google scholar, and Scopus were searched. The keywords "oromandibular dystonia", "orofaciomandibular dysto-nia", "orofacial-buccal dystonia", "lingual dystonia", "jaw dystonia", "cranial dystonia", and "adult-onset facial dystonia" were searched in the title and abstract of publications from 1970 to 2016. The inclusion criterion was the dental etiology and/or dental treatment. Out of 1260 articles, only 37 articles met the inclusion criteria. OMD can be caused or exacerbated through different dental treatments within which anyone is likely to be involved due to various reasons. Some novel methods employed to relieve this syndrome have led to certain cure or improvement of symptoms in several cases. OMD patients may refer to dentists with involuntary jaw movements and intraoral presentations. Thus, the dentists should be aware of the symptoms and signs and refer the suspicious cases. Dentists should also be familiar with special considerations when managing OMD patients
ABSTRACT
Objective: Peri-implantitis is an irreversible inflammatory reaction in the soft and hard tissues around a functional implant. One of the treatment approaches of this disease include smoothing and polishing the rough surface and removing threads on the implants using rotary instruments, which is called implantoplasy. Clinicians should perform implantoplasty with caution because it may raise the temperature of the implant body as well as the surrounding bone. This study aimed to compare micromorphology and thermal changes obtained with different rotary instruments and piezoelectric device after implantoplasty
Methods: In this in vitro study 48 Intra Lock fixture surfaces were processed in 60 seconds with six polishing procedures using 6,12 bladed carbide burs, 90, 30 µm mean-particles-size diamond burs, and piezosurgery inserts OT1 [grain size= 91 microm] and OP5 [grain size= 30 microm]. These instruments were applied in single or sequences procedures. Variations in temperature were recorded every 5 seconds. The roughness of treated surfaces was evaluated with a profilometer for Ra1, Rz1 [single polish procedures], Ra2, and Rz2 [sequence polish procedures] parameters. Also, surfaces were observed using a field emission scanning electron after each step of implantoplasty
Results: The piezosurgery group showed statistically significant differences with the other two groups [maximum temperature 1.2°C]. No statistically significant differences were observed between the carbide and diamond burs regarding the temperature changes and the temperature decreased from the start point in both groups. The mean Ra value in piezoelectric group [1.53 [0.23]] was significantly lower than diamond (2.45 [0.40], p<0.05] and carbide [2.10 [0.28], p<0.05] groups
Besides, this measure in the carbide group was significantly lower than that of the diamond group [p<0.05]. Rz1 value was significantly greater in diamond and carbide groups compared to piezoelectric group. The results revealed significant differences among the three groups concerning Rz2. The minimum Rz2 value was seen in piezoelectic group, while the diamond group showed the highest Rz2 parameter
Conclusion: This in virto study showed that in suitable cooling conditions, implantoplasty with rotary and piezoelectric devices does not produce excessive heat increases which can damage the soft tissue or bone around the affected implant. The piezoelectric device produced smoother surfaces in single or sequence procedures compared to the burs and can be useful for implantoplasy?
ABSTRACT
Recent literature shows that accelerated Portland cement [APC] is a non-toxic material that may have potential to promote bone healing. The objective of this study was to histologically evaluate periodontal healing focusing on new bone regeneration following implantation of APC into intrabony defects in dogs. Three-wall intra-bony periodontal defects were surgically created at the mesial aspect of the first molar in both sides of mandible in six dogs. One side was randomly filled with the material and other received a flap operation only. The animals were euthanized eight weeks post-surgery when block sections of the defect sites were collected and prepared for qualitative histological analysis. Compared to control group, stimulation of growth of new bone tissue in the cavity containing APC was significantly prominent in three of six cases, showing osteoid formation with osteoblastic rimming and new bone trabeculla. New bone formation was observed just close to cavity containing APC. Connective tissue proliferation and downgrowth of epithelium were significantly less than those of control group. Our results are encouraging for the use of APC as a bone substitute, but more comprehensive study are necessary before warranting clinical use