ABSTRACT
Objective: To describe the patient demographics and outcome analysis in paediatric non-Hodgkin lymphoma [NHL] patients. Study Design: An observational study. Place and Duration of Study: The Hematology/Oncology Unit of The Children's Hospital and Institute of Child Health, Lahore, from January 2012 till December 2014
Methodology: Demographics including age, gender, histopathology, stage and outcome data, in biopsy proven NHL patients were analyzed. Burkitts/B Cell and Diffuse Large B Cell lymphoma patients were treated with MCP 842 Protocol while T/B-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma [LL] patients were treated with EURO-LB 02 protocol
Results: Ninety-one patients were treated during the study period at CHL. Data was insufficient in 18 patients, so they were excluded from the study. Patients included were 73. Males were 53 [72.6%]. Thirty-seven [50.7%] were 5-10 years of age, and 22 [30.1%] 10-16 years old. Abdominal mass was the commonest presentation seen in 32 [43.8%], lymphadenopathy in 27 [37%], intussusception in 5 [6.8%], while intestinal obstruction, obstructive uropathy, nasopharyngeal mass, gastric mass, primary bone lymphoma, pericardial effusion, jaw swelling, cheek swelling and paraspinal mass present in one [1%] each. Histopathological subtypes consist of Burkitt's lymphoma [BL] in 32 [43.8%], B cell NHL in 10 [13.7%], lymphoblastic lymphoma [LL] in 26 [35.6%], diffuse large B cell lymphoma [DLBCL] in 2 [2.8%], and anaplastic large cell lymphoma [ALCL] in 1 [1.4%]. Sixty-seven [91%] presented in stage III, and six [8.4%] in stage IV. Forty-eight [65.8%] patients had completed treatment and are well to date, 16 [21.9%] died, 5 [6.8%] left against medical advice [LAMA], and 4 [5.5%] patients relapsed
Conclusion: Burkitt's lymphoma was the commonest type of NHL seen in this cohort that predominantly presented with an abdominal mass. Children usually presented in advanced stage with delayed diagnosis. Better supportive care can improve the prognosis significantly. Training of pediatricians is equally important along with increasing parental/family knowledge about the disease symptoms so that they can seek early medical care, and earlier diagnosis is possible
ABSTRACT
Objective: To determine the frequency and etiology of urinary tract infections in neonatal late onset sepsis
Study Design: Cross-sectional study
Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out in neonatal unit, Shaikh Zayed Hospital, Lahore for six months period from January to June, 2014
Methodology: 175 neonates admitted in Neonatal Unit, Shaikh Zayad Hospital, Lahore through emergency, obstetric unit or outpatient department with late onset sepsis were included. Cases were selected by non-probability sampling technique
Results: Culture proven urinary tract infection [UTI] was present in 21.6% of late onset sepsis. The most common causative organism was Eschericha coli [84.21%] followed by Klebsiella [13.6%]. No male, female predisposition was found in this study
Conclusion: All neonates with late onset sepsis should be investigated for urinary tract infection and most common causative organism is Escherichia coli