ABSTRACT
M: Evaluation of the antibacteriaI activity of Calcium hydroxide and Iodine potassium iodide as root canal medicaments
Aim: compare the disinfection efficacy of iodine potassium iodide and calcium hydroxide, solitary and combined, after culturing the bacterial flora of infected pulps
Methodology: Equivalent mixtures of Ca[OH]2 with sterile normal saline [S], camphorated paramonochlorophenol [CMCP] and with 2% Iodine potassium iodide [2% IKI] were compared to 2% IKI for their ability to disinfect necrotic root canals after tooth preparation. Ca[OH]2 pastes and 2%IKI solution were carried info 120 single-rooted extracted human teeth with sterile paper points and removed after 1, 3 and 7 days from the root canals then, evaluating its antibacterial activity, in vitro, of selected bacterial strains by Agar diffusion test and by Direct exposure test. Microbial growth was evaluated by turbidity of the culture medium. Antimicrobial efficacy of tested solution and pastes against Enterococcus faecalis, staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus mutans was assayed and statistically analyzed
Results: enterococcus faecalis., staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus mutans were presented in all 120 root canals tested after the first bacterial cultures. The mean value percentages of its presence are 58.33%, 64.2% and 69.2%, respectively. The second bacterial cultures taken after the medication of the root canals showing negative bacterial growth at all the times tested [1, 3 and 7 days] when using [Ca [OH]2 mixed with 2% IKl] paste and using 2% lKI solution against all the tested bacteria. [Ca[OH]2 mixed with [CMCP]] paste is effective after 3 and 7 days against E. faecalis. Ca [OH]2 mixed with normal saline are ineffective against c. faecalis at all times, but effective against S. aureus and S. mutans at all times. By the agar diffusion test the mean value or inhibition zone diameter of2%, IKI against E. faecalis which is the most resistant bacteria [13mm], while it is [13.7mm] against S. aureus and S. mutans. But when using Ca[OH]2 + 2%IKI against E. faecalis [12mm] and against S. aureus and S. mutans [12.3mm]. Ca[OH]2 + CMCP against E. faecalis [11.5mm] and [12.4mm] against S. aureus and S. mutans Ca[OH]2 mixed with normal saline against E. faecalis [zero mm] and against S. aureus and S. mutans [11.7mm]. When using the direct exposure test. Calcium hydroxide mixed with CMCP was effective only after 3 days against all the selected bacterial strains. Iodine potassium iodide [2% IKI] was effective against all the selected bacterial strains used after 1, 3 and 7 days
Conclusion: under the conditions of this study, mixing Ca [OH]2 powder with CMCP or 2% IKI solution provide an increased antimicrobial effect compared to a conventional Ca [OH] 2/saline medication against E. faecalis