ABSTRACT
Background: References of patients with ocular diseases are an indirect indicator that reflects integration of primary eye care into primary health care system. The study reviewed the ophthalmic references from four randomly selected primary health care centres to ophthalmic unit of secondary and tertiary hospitals in Qassim Province of Saudi Arabia.Methods: This was a retrospective health record review study was undertaken at four PHC centres in Qassim region during the year 2017. All cases referred for eye care from January 2015 until December 2016 were included. Prevalence of ophthalmic reference, profile of ophthalmic patients and ophthalmic diagnosis were analysed.Results: From primary health care centres, 423 eye cases from 1,387,996 population of catchment area were referred. The annual prevalence of eye reference was 1.5 per 10,000. Vision screening and diabetic retinopathy evaluation comprised of 55.5% of total reference.Conclusions: Poor reference pattern from primary health care centers to secondary and tertiary eye centre suggest urgent and strong need of implementing primary eye care in the primary health care centres of Saudi Arabia. Referral of simple eye cases are increasing the workload of ophthalmologists and can delay urgent referrals like cases of diabetic retinopathy screening.
ABSTRACT
To determine the profile of complications in patients with diabetes in the region of Ajman. Data was collected from GMC Hospital records of patients presenting with complications of diabetes from 1 January 2010-31 December 2010. Data analysis was done on SPSS and Chi square test was done to test associations. Out of 162 patients, there were 15 patients with acute complications of which the most commonly observed was hyperglycemia [69.6%] and there were 90 patients with chronic complications of which CVD was the most frequently [48.8%]. It was also found that the age group with the most cases of acute and chronic complications were 20-39 years [66%] and 40-59 years [55.6%]. 24.7% out of 162 patients had co-morbidities, with the most common being liver disorders, followed by thyroid disorders and anemia. Most patients in our study presented with hyperglycemia and cardiovascular disease, with the former seen most commonly in the younger age group and the latter in the older age group. Also a significant number of patients with complications had high RBG and HbAlc levels. Therefore greater efforts are needed in controlling the blood glucose level in order to prevent long term complications
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Prevalence , Risk Factors , Cardiovascular Diseases/etiology , Nervous System Diseases/etiology , Tertiary Care CentersABSTRACT
This study aimed to identify women's opinions regarding early marriage of girls This study was conducted in all out patient clinic at Assiut University Hospitals, Assiut General Hospital [Elshamla Hospital] and El-Eman hospital at Assiut City. Also at El- Minia University Hospitals, El-Minia General Hospital and Susan Mobark Hospital at El-Minia city. The study subjects were married women ,both from rural and urban areas who attended the out patient clinics in previous setting there total number was 3600 women divided to 1800 women from each city .Inter view questionnaire form was developed by the researchers to collect the data needed for the study. It consisted of three parts. The first one was concerned with personal and socio-demographic characteristics of studied women and their husbands. It included age, education, job, husband age and education, as well the type of family, whether nuclear or extended. The second part involved marriage characteristics such as age at marriage of both woman and husband, the duration of marriage, and the number of children. The third part covered women's opinions about early marriage of the girl. It included questions about the causes of early marriage of girls, agreement upon it and the reasons of agreement of disagreement, the suggested suitable age for marriage of females and males with the reasons underlying it, and the effect of early marriage on the health of rite woman and the family. All the questions in this third part were open-ended .Data was collected during the period from the beginning of January to the end of May 2004 .The study revealed that the majority of the women in the sample married at the age between 16 and less than 25 years the, most important cause of early marriage is tradition according to [83.5%] of studied women's opinions. As for the women who disagreed upon early marriage, the main reason was girls' psychological immaturity [66.7%]. The study illustrates that [74.5%]of the sample agreed that early marriage negatively affects women's health and [71.5%] agreed that early marriage negatively affects family health. Also the study shows statistically significant differences between the age at marriage of studied women and their residence, education, job, and family type [p<0.001]. The results indicates that agreement upon early marriage was statistically significantly higher among women from Minia [p<0.001]. The study recommended that educational interventions target those women at higher risk of early marriage and who could have more intention to give their daughters to marriage at early age. These specifically include poor uneducated rural women. Thus, educational and counseling sessions should be provided by nurses in health care settings. The role of the media should also be emphasized