ABSTRACT
Skeletal class III malocclusions are considered as one of the most complex and difficult orthodontic problems to diagnose and treat. Facial appearance and occlusion problems make the patients to seek treatment as soon as possible. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the outcomes of early treatment with facemask compared to the patients who had no treatment. For this retrospective study, 38 growing patients [mean age, 8.5 years old] with class III dentoskeletal malocclusion were divided into 2 groups. 23 patients were treated with facemask and 15 patients who did not receive any treatment were assigned as control group. Lateral cephalograms were taken before and after treatment and dentoskeletal changes were estimated. Data were analyzed using Wilcoxon signed ranks test. The results revealed statistically significant forward displacement of maxillary bone and upper incisors [P<0.001], and downward-backward rotation of mandible in facemask group [P<0.001]. Increased lower facial height was seen in both treatment and untreated groups. However, in untreated group some measurements revealed forward displacement of maxillary complex as well. It seems that in class III patients, facemask therapy is a suitable choice for early treatment especially in patients with maxillary deficiency. Moreover, specific attention to the type of patient's skeletal discrepancy is necessary in treatment planning and appliance selection
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Cephalometry , Masks , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
Programming for a successful operation and accurate prediction of the outcome of orthognathic surgery result in correction of occlusal and skeletal relations and improve the facial esthetics and function of patients. This retrospective study sought to assess the soft tissue changes following subcondylar and bilateral sagittal split osteotomy [BSSO] to retrude mandible in patients with mandibular prognathism. This retrospective experimental study evaluated 35 patients with mandibular prognathism and a mean age of 25.5 years [range 18.8 to 30.9 yrs]. Cephalometric variables were measured on lateral cephalograms of patients before and after surgery and recorded. A total of 12 patients had undergone BSSO while 23 subjects had received subcondylar surgery. Cephalometric variables were analyzed using paired t- and independent t-tests. The study results demonstrated that the mean changes in cephalometric soft tissue variables of Ls-Pr [P<0.05], Li-Id [P<0.01] and G-Sn/Sn-Me [P<0.05] after BSSO were significantly higher that the rates in Subcondylar surgery group. However, the mean changes in soft tissue variables of SLs-A [P<0.05], a2 facial angle [P<0.05] and LFH [P<0.001] in subcondylar surgery group were significantly higher than the rates in BSSO group. In patients that had undergone subcondylar surgery, the lower facial height and the mentocervical angle had increased which is indicative of a shift towards a straight facial profile after this type of surgery. This study showed that a greater improvement in profile is achieved after BSSO compared to subcondylar surgery according to the current esthetic parameters