ABSTRACT
Objective: To evaluate the association of BMI and risk factors of coronary artery disease in patients presenting with chest pain in outdoor cardiology department
Study Design: Descriptive / comparative study
Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted at the Outdoor Cardiology Department of Nishter Hospital Multan from May 2016 to August 2016
Materials and Methods: All patients who presented with complain of chest pain in outdoor cardiology department were included. Patients were divided into three groups on the basis of BMI
Results: There were 42.0% females patients in obese group as compared to only 12.0% and 20.0% in normal weight and overweight groups [p-value 0.002 Mean age of patients at the time of presentation was significantly less in obese group 49.38 +/- 6.56 years, whereas in normal and overweight patients mean age was 56.60 +/- 9.29 years and 54.84 +/- 9.94 years respectively [p-value <0.001]. There was no patient with age more than 60 years in obese group, 47.5% in overweight group and 52.5% in normal weight group [p-value <0.001]
Conclusion: Obesity is an independent risk factor for the early development of coronary artery disease [CAD] and increased risk of hypertension in early age
ABSTRACT
Objective: Heart failure [HF] is a chronic disease usually associated with psychological issues especially anxiety/depression despite of medical treatments. Aim of our research data study was the estimation of level of depression among admitted CHF patients in Nishtar Hospital and to find an association of various clinical parameters with depression
Study Design: Observational / descriptive study
Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted at the Cardiology Department of Nishtar Medical College and Hospital Multan from March 2016 to August 2016
Materials and Methods: 400 patients with systolic HF were divide according to the NYHA heart failure classification system. The level of depression was assessed by using Beck's Depression Inventory questionnaire. The patients with a previous history of major depressive disease, psychological diseases, or chronic other severe ailments were excluded. To assess the relationship between variables the chi square test was applied to data
Results: 76 patients in group B of depression were hypertensive and in group A of depression 85 were hypertensive with p=0.04 that is significant i.e. p<0.05. The high depression of group B was much more common in heart failure group B with 53 people having severe depression and 96 group A CHF patients had mild depression with p=0.05 that is statistically significant. Similarly, 94 mildly depressed people were in joint family system of group J and 56 severely depressed patients were in group S with p=0.03 that is highly significant
Conclusion: Depression is very common among CHF patients who are living alone or with spouse only. And severe depression level is more common than mild/moderate depression at higher NYHA classes of CHF