ABSTRACT
Fingerprint patterns are genotypically determined and remain unchanged from birth till death so they are used as effective means of establishing identity of an individual & study of finger prints as method of identification is known as Dactylography or Dactyloscopy. Aim- was to study fingerprint patterns among young adults & its relation with their gender & blood groups. Methods: Study includes 100 young adults of both genders selected randomly.Fingerprints were taken by pressing fingertips of subjects on stamp pad & then transferring the impressions on paper. Subjects were instructed to mention their Blood group, Age & sex on the same paper. Results: Subjects were having 69%,25%,6% of Loops, Whorls & Arches respectively.Males had 68%,26%,6% & females had 69%,24%,7% of Loops,Whorls & Arches respectively.Arches were absent in Rh -ve blood group & were maximum in blood group B+ i-e 50.8% followed by blood groups O+ve,AB+ve & A+ve with 34.4%, 13.1% & 1.7% respectively.Whorls were absent in B-ve Subjects & were maximum in B+vesubjects with 34.8% followed by O+ve, A+ve,AB+ve,O-ve,AB-ve with 28%,22.4%,10.8%, 2.4%,1.6% respectively.Loops were maximum in B+ve i-e 36.6% followed by A+ve,O+ve,AB+ve,O-ve,B-ve, AB-ve with 26.6%,24.5%,6.5%,3.5%, 1.4%,0.9% respectively. Conclusion: Loops are the most common & arches are the least common fingerprint pattern found in the population & Rh- blood groups lack Arches. whorls were absent in B-ve blood group & loops were minimum in AB-ve blood group.Whorls, loops & Arches all types were maximum in B+ve blood group.
ABSTRACT
Aim: Aim of our study was to assess the effect of pranayama on pretest & post test stress level in elderly control & experimental group. Study Design: An Institution based true experimental case control study was conducted on elderly people for a period of 4.2.2011 to 7.3.2011 residing in Pingalwara Amritsar. Study comprises randomly selected elderly of both sex including 30subjects each in experimental & control group. Exclusion criteria was age below 60years, elderly residing outside pingalwara and those not willing to participate. Methodology: Simple Random sampling technique &Standarized tool was used formethod of collection of data. Pretest stress level was analyzed in both groups by Depression anxiety stressScale &then Pranayama therapy was introduced to Experimental group & then Post test stress level was assessed in both the groups by Depression anxiety stressScale. Results:Paired ‘t’ test reveals that there is significant (p <0.05) difference between pretest& posttest stress scores of experimental group as during pretest 10% had extreme severe & 30% had severe further 33% had moderate & 27% of them had mild stress. However during post test only 3% had extremly severe & 10% had severe further 47% had moderate and 40% of them had mild level of stress. Pretest and Post test level of stress among the control group reveals that in the pretest 10% had extreme severe stress &20% of the elderly had severe stress further 40% had moderate & 30% of them had mild stress. However during post test 7% had extreme severe level of stress&20% had severe stress further 40% of the elderly had moderate and 33% of them had mild level of stress.