Relação vitamina E: vitamina C sobre a qualidade da carne de frangos submetidos ao estresse pré-abate / Vitamin E: vitamin C relationship on meat quality of broiler chicken submitted to pre-slaughter stress

Determinou-se a melhor relação vitamina E:vitamina C em dietas para frangos de corte, visando ao melhor desempenho produtivo e à melhor qualidade da carne das aves submetidas ao estresse pré-abate. Utilizaram-se 800 pintos de corte, machos, distribuídos em delineamento inteiramente ao acaso, em esquema fatorial 2x4, com dois níveis de suplementação de vitamina E - 0 e 250mg/kg - e quatro de vitamina C - 0, 150, 300 e 450mg/kg. Aos 42 dias de idade, 12 horas ante mortem, amostras de aves de cada tratamento foram submetidas ao estresse por calor e, em seguida, pelo transporte. Foram avaliadas características de desempenho - peso vivo, consumo de ração e conversão alimentar - , bem como rendimento de carcaça e qualidade da carne de peito e coxas - perda de água, cor e pH. Os níveis de vitaminas avaliadas não influenciaram nas características de desempenho avaliadas. Houve menor rendimento de peito (34,2 vs. 34,9%) e maior pH inicial (6,3 vs. 6,1) dos cortes, para aves que sofreram estresse em relação àquelas que não foram submetidas ao estresse pré-abate.

The best relationship for vitamin E:vitamin C in diets for broilers regarding growth performance and meat quality of birds submitted to pre-slaughter stress was determined. 800 male chicks at one day of age were distributed in a completely randomized design in a 2x4 factorial scheme, with two levels of vitamin E supplementation - 0 and 250mg/kg - and four of vitamin C - 0, 150, 300 and 450mg/kg. At 42 days of age, 12 hours ante-mortem, samples of birds from each treatment were submitted to heat stress and then transportation. The performance characteristics evaluated were body weight, feed intake and feed:gain ratio, carcass yield and meat quality of breast and thighs, water loss, color and pH. The levels of vitamins evaluated did not influence the performance characteristics measured. There was a lower breast yield (34.2 vs 34.9%) and higher initial pH (6.3 vs 6.1) in the cuts for birds that suffered stress than for those who did not undergo pre-slaughter stress.

Utilização da glutamina, associada ao ácido glutâmico, sobre o desenvolvimento e a atividade enzimática em frangos de corte / Utilization of glutamine, associated with glutamic acid, on development and enzymatic activity in broiler chickens

Avaliou-se o efeito da glutamina, associada ao ácido glutâmico, proveniente de um produto comercial, sobre o desenvolvimento e a atividade enzimática em frangos de corte. Foram utilizados 800 pintos de corte, machos, de um a 42 dias de idade, distribuídos em cinco tratamentos, sendo quatro níveis de suplementação do Aminogut®: 0,5; 1,5; 3,0 e 5,0 por cento + uma dieta-controle, isenta do produto. Observou-se melhor índice de eficiência produtiva para os frangos alimentados com dietas suplementadas com 2,8 por cento de Aminogut®. Independentemente dos tratamentos, verificou-se aumento das atividades da maltase, sacarase e fosfatase alcalina intestinais com o avanço da idade das aves. Para as enzimas pancreáticas, observou-se maior atividade da amilase e lipase aos 14 dias de idade, coincidindo com a maior taxa de crescimento alométrico do pâncreas.

Evaluation of the effect of glutamine associated with glutamic acid in a commercial product, on the growth and enzyme activities in broiler chickens. 800 day-old male broiler chicks were used during the 42 days of trial, and were allotted to five treatments, four levels of Aminogut® supplementation - 0.5, 1.5, 3.0 and 5.0 percent + control-diet, free product. The best index of productive efficiency in broiler chickens was observed in those fed diets supplemented with 2.8 percent Aminogut®. Regardless of the treatment, there was increase in maltase, sucrase and alkaline phosphatase activities as the age of the chickens increased. For pancreatic enzymes, more activity of amylase and lipase can be observed at 14 days of age, coinciding with the highest rate of allometric growth of pancreas.

The relationship between the flexibility of the quadriceps femoris and the period from onset of the osgood-schlatter disease / Монголын Анагаах Ухаан

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the flexibility of the quadriceps femoris and the period from onset of the Osgood-Schlatter disease. Subjects: 45 patients (66 lower limbs) with Osgood-Schlatter disease participated in this study. Methods: Subjects were classified into acute-phase group (pain occurred within one month, 23 subjects, 32 lower limbs) and chronic-phase group (pain occurred over one month, 22 subjects, 34 lower limbs). As a measure of muscle flexibility of the quadriceps femoris, Heel-Buttock distance (HBD) were measured in all participants. Results: The flexibility of the quadriceps femoris within the chronic-phase group was significantly reduced flexibility (10.2 ± 6.5 cm) than in acute-phase group (4.6 ± 5.9 cm; p < 0.001). Conclusion: Patients of the OSD, even if not found a decrease in muscle flexibility of the quadriceps femoris during the acute phase, may be decrease the flexibility as time passes. Prevent the worse symptoms of OSD, it would be effective to introduce stretching from acute phase irrespective reduced flexibility in the physical therapy treatment plan.

Diethylcarbamazine: inhibitory effect on acetylcholinesterase of Dirofilaria immitis and Brugia pahangi.

Anti-acetylcholinesterase activity of diethylcarbamazine (DEC) was studied. Acethylcholinesterase (AchE) of adult worms of Dirofilaria immitis, those of the 4th-stage larvae, early 5th-stage larvae and adults worms of Brugia pahangi, and that of hamster brain tissue were all inhibited by DEC. Michaelis constant (Km) of D. immitis and B. pahangi adult worm AchE were 1.47 x 10(-4) and 1.81 x 10(-4) M respectively. DEC was a competitive inhibitor of the filarial AchE. Inhibition constant (Ki) for AchE of D. immitis and B. pahangi adult worms were 2.56 x 10(-4) and 6.39 x 10(-4) M, respectively. DEC is a less potent anticholinesterase inhibitor, because Ki of DEC is 10(4) times higher than that of eserine, a potent anti-cholinesterase agent.