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2.
An. bras. dermatol ; 97(4): 478-490, July-Aug. 2022. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1383607

ABSTRACT

Abstract Vitiligo is a complex disease whose pathogenesis results from the interaction of genetic components, metabolic factors linked to cellular oxidative stress, melanocyte adhesion to the epithelium, and immunity (innate and adaptive), which culminate in aggression against melanocytes. In vitiligo, melanocytes are more sensitive to oxidative damage, leading to the increased expression of proinflammatory proteins such as HSP70. The lower expression of epithelial adhesion molecules, such as DDR1 and E-cadherin, facilitates damage to melanocytes and exposure of antigens that favor autoimmunity. Activation of the type 1-IFN pathway perpetuates the direct action of CD8+ cells against melanocytes, facilitated by regulatory T-cell dysfunction. The identification of several genes involved in these processes sets the stage for disease development and maintenance. However, the relationship of vitiligo with environmental factors, psychological stress, comorbidities, and the elements that define individual susceptibility to the disease are a challenge to the integration of theories related to its pathogenesis.

3.
Surg. cosmet. dermatol. (Impr.) ; 13: e20210004, jan.-dez. 2021.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1368445

ABSTRACT

A região nasal é local frequente de carcinomas queratinocíticos, e sua anatomia, seu relevo e sua tridimensionalidade peculiares tornam o reparo cirúrgico desafiador. Eventualmente, em situações de maior complexidade, uma única técnica pode não ser suficiente para a restauração da anatomia original, sendo necessária a associação de métodos. Neste artigo, descrevemos uma estratégia para reconstrução de defeito de espessura total em asa nasal, incluindo margem nasal, a partir da combinação de retalho de transposição do sulco nasogeniano com retalho em dobradiça. Trata-se de um procedimento seguro, dependente da mobilização de tecido local e realizado em um único tempo cirúrgico.


The nasal region is a frequent site of keratinocyte carcinomas. Its peculiar anatomy, contour, and three-dimensionality make surgical repair challenging. Eventually, in situations of greater complexity, a single technique may not be sufficient to restore the original anatomy, requiring the association of methods. This article describes a strategy for reconstructing a full-thickness alar defect, including the nasal margin, based on the combination of a nasolabial transposition flap with a hinge flap. It is a safe procedure, dependent on the mobilization of local tissue and performed in a single surgical procedure

4.
Surg. cosmet. dermatol. (Impr.) ; 12(4 S2): 217-220, fev.-nov. 2020.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1367981

ABSTRACT

O queratoacantoma (QA), apesar de frequente na prática diária, é um tumor que gera questionamentos. O aspecto mais intrigante associa-se à sua posição no limite entre malignidade e benignidade. A abordagem do tumor, bem como sua classificação, é controversa. Na definição da conduta, é importante levar em conta o potencial de transformação para carcinoma espinocelular. Desse modo, a excisão cirúrgica é a terapia de escolha, sempre que possível. Algumas situações merecem atenção adicional, como a imunossupressão associada. Neste artigo, relatamos um caso de QA gigante em um paciente com síndrome da imunodeficiência adquirida tratado com cirurgia micrográfica de Mohs


Keratoacanthoma (KA), although frequent in clinical practice, is a tumor that raises questions. The most intriguing aspect is associated with its position on the border between malignancy and benignity. The approach to the tumor, as well as its classification, is controversial. When defining the conduct, it is essential to consider the potential for transformation into squamous cell carcinoma. Thus, surgical excision is the therapy of choice, whenever possible. Some cases require additional attention, such as associated immunosuppression. In this article, we report a case of giant KA in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome treated with Mohs micrographic surgery.

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