Clinical and laboratory diagnosis of contagious caprine pleuropneumonia in Qassim region, Saudi Arabia: a comparative study

Diagnosis of contagious caprine pleuropneumonia (CCPP) in Saudi Arabia mainlydepends on clinical signs and post-mortem findings, in addition to limited usage of latexagglutination test (LAT). In this study, a PCR method specific for detection of Mycoplasmacapricolum subspecies capripneumoniae (Mccp) was used as a direct confirmatory methodand to compare it with clinical signs, necropsy lesions and LAT. During the 2016-2017 year,samples of serum, pleural fluid, lung tissue and nasal swab were collected from 40 goats withclinical signs of CCPP, which were selected from goats brought to the veterinary clinic ofQassim University from 18 goat herds and nine localities. Epidemiological data revealed34.1%, 27.8% and 81.6% morbidity, mortality and case fatality rates, respectively. At necropsy,31 of 40 goats (77.5%) were found with lesions matching those of CCPP. Molecular findingssupported the suitability and applicability of PCR as a reliable method to diagnose andconfirm CCPP directly from clinical samples. The disease was confirmed by PCR in 35 goatsout of 40 (87.5%), 15 herds out of 18 (83.3%) and in all localities. Sera of 32 goats (80%) werefound positive by LAT. Four of the five goats and two of the three herds negative by PCR werealso negative by LAT and necropsy examination. Therefore, PCR sensitivity was considered97.2% (35/36). Compared to the claimed high specificity and sensitivity of the used PCRmethod, diagnosis of CCPP based on clinical signs was found less specific and necropsyexamination and LAT were less sensitive. It was concluded that molecular detection of Mccpdirectly in clinical samples should routinely be used to confirm diagnosis of CCPP in theregion of study, prevent economic impact of wrong diagnosis and to hasten control process.

Impact of scissors type used for episiotomy on the prevalence of obstetric anal sphincter injury: randomised controlled trial

Aim: to compare between the prevalence of obstetric anal sphincter injury [OASIS] after cutting mediolareral episiotomy by angled, curved or straight scissors in women in labour

Methods: the current randomized controlled trial was conducted at Ain Shams University Maternity Hospital. The participating women were randomly allocated into three arms. Arm [A]: women had mediolateral episiotomy cut by angled scissors. Arm [c]: women had mediolateral episiotomy cut by curved scissors .Arm [s]: women had mediolateral episiotomy cut by straight scissors. Primary outcome was the occurrence of Obstetric Anal Sphincter Injuries [OASIS]

Results a total of 300 primiparous women were included. The overall incidence of OASIS was 5%, 17% and 15 % in arm A,C and S respectively

Conclusion: using angled scissors in cutting mediolateral episiotomy results in less cases of obstetric anal sphincter injury compared to cutting episiotomy by straight or curved scissors

Anti-fungal potential of ozone against some dermatophytes

ABSTRACT Dermatophytes are classified in three genera, Epidermophyton, Microsporum and Trichophyton. They have the capacity to invade keratinized tissue to produce a cutaneous infection known as dermatophytoses. This investigation was performed to study the effect of gaseous ozone and ozonized oil on three specific properties of six different dermatophytes. These properties included sporulation, mycelia leakage of sugar and nutrients and the activity of their hydrolytic enzymes. Generally, ozonized oil was found to be more efficacious than gaseous ozone. Microsporum gypseum and Microsporum canis were the most susceptible, while Trichophyton interdigitale and T. mentagrophytes were relatively resistant. The study revealed a steady decline in spore production of M. gypseum and M. canis on application of ozonated oil. An increase in leakage of electrolytes and sugar was noticed after treatment with ozonized oil in the case of M. gypseum, M. canis, T. interdigitale, T. mentagrophytes and T. rubrum. The results also revealed loss in urease, amylase, alkaline phosphatase, lipase and keratinase enzyme producing capacity of the investigated fungi.

Large pericardial effusion: the differentiation of tuberculous from chronic idiopathic effusion.

AIMS: Tuberculosis is a common cause of pericardial effusion in many parts of the world often presenting with tamponade. Its recognition is important but not always easy. This study was to prospectively compare the features of tuberculous with chronic idiopathic pericardial effusion. METHODOLOGY: We studied 47 patients with large pericardial effusions or tamponade. All had pericardiocentesis and chest CT studies. Twenty-eight had tuberculous and 19 viral or idiopathic effusion. Pericardial biopsy was done in 26/28 and tuberculin skin test in 23/28 with tuberculosis and all received specific treatment. RESULTS: Patients with idiopathic effusion were older with thinner pericardium. Tamponade was frequent in both groups (64%). Fever (p<0.001) and pericardial rub (p<0.002) were more with tuberculosis. The skin test measured 17 +/- 3.2 mm. On echocardiography pericardial deposits and strands in the pericardial space were more with tuberculosis. The fluid was similar in quantity and quality. Only and all 28 with tuberculosis had enlarged mediastinal lymph glands on CT measuring 19.5 +/- 8.3 mm. On follow up of 16 +/- 10.2 months glands disappeared in 81% and regressed in 19%. Lymphadenopathy was not seen in any patient with viral/idiopathic pericarditis. All patients in both groups were well at follow up. CONCLUSIONS: Tamponade is frequent with large tuberculous and chronic idiopathic effusions. The quantity and quality of the effusion were similar. Fever and pericardial rub were more frequent with tuberculosis as also deposits and strands on echocardiography and patients had a strongly positive skin test. Mediastinal lymph gland enlargement on chest CT was found only and in all with tuberculous effusion.

Comparative study between intranasal midazolam and ketamine as a preanesthetic medication for children

The perfect pre anesthetic medication and its ideal route of administration are still debated, However for pediatric day-case surgery premedication is frequently omitted because of the fear that it will prolong the child's recovery and hospital discharge time. The effects or intranasal midazolam 0.2 mg.kg-1 and placebo were compared as regard to separation score, induction score, recovery time and hospital discharge time. Sixty children, ASA I and II, aged between 2 and 6 year undergoing a day case surgery, were randomly allocated into 3 groups separation and induction scores were satisfactory in midazolam [85%, 75%] and ketamine [80%, 70%] groups and poor in placebo [10% - 15%] [P < 0.05]. Recovery time was the same as the placebo. Also the hospital discharge time was nearly the same

Resecciones hepáticas: a propósito de seis casos / Hepatic resections: apropos of six cases

Se presentan 6 resecciones hepáticas regladas, realizadas en un período de 7 meses por los comunicantes. Se resumen los aspectos clínicos, diagnósticos, quirúrgicos y complicaciones de cada caso. Se ponen a consideración los 3 aspectos sobre los que radica la factibilidad de esta cirugía: a) La autonomia quirúrgica: Se utiliza la segmentación que siguiendo a las venas suprahepática, divide al hígado en derecho e izquierdo y a su vez a cada uno en dos segmentos. b) Se jerarquiza la necesidad de una prolija evaluación preoperatória, un ajustado manejo intraoperatorio y un seguimiento sistemático en Terapia Intensiva. c) Se describe la técnica quirúrgica en la que se puntualiza la importancia de la incisión, la movilización y los tipos de resecciones posibles. Se concluye sobre la ausencia de accidentes vasculares graves y la innecesidad de reexploración por bilirragia y/o hemorragia post-operatorias. Se cita al derrame pleural como la complicación postoperatoria más frecuente y la elevada mortalidad para cáncer de vesícula avanzado, que deseaconsejan su realización

Counterimmunoelectrophoresis, a rapid diagnostic test for extra-intestinal amebiasis

Counterimmunoelectrophoresis [CIEP] and indirect haemagglutination [IHA] tests were applied on 12 sera from cases with amoebic liver abscess, 48 sera from patients with amoebic dysentery and 20 sera of healthy individuals in order to assess their diagnostic value. The results showed that both tests are very sensitive and specific. It is recommended to use CIEP test as a rapid diagnostic test to help clinical diagnosis of extraintestinal amoebiasis

Counterimmunoelectrophoresis and circumoval precipitin tests in serodiagnosis of schistosomiasis mansoni

Counterimmunoelectrophoresis [CIEP] was compared with circumoval precipitin test [COPT] in the diagnosis of different grades of schistosomiasis mansoni in order to evaluate their efficacy. No significant statistical difference was noted between the two tests. However, as CIEP test takes a short time to perform, it can be used in seroepidemiological surveys

Leucocytic agglutination using litomosoides carenii cuticular antigen and the serum of bancroftian filariasis

Sera from cases of elephantiasis promoted an intense agglutination reaction of peripheral blood leucocytes, using cuticular Litomosoides carenii antigen in vitro