ABSTRACT
Objective: Ectopic pregnancy [EP] is an implantation of fertilized ovum outside the intrauterine cavity. Many cases of EP are not associated with a clinical signs at early stages that makes its diagnosis is difficult. The confirmation of EP needs several investigations as ultrasonography and repeated measurements of serum beta-hCG levels every 48 hours that make it very expensive and take a long time so, rupture may be occurred that leads to increased maternal morbidity and mortality rates. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the alterations of some hematological and biochemical parameters associated with normal and ectopic pregnancy in addition to evaluate their efficacy in early diagnosis of tubal ectopic pregnancy [TEP] among women living in Jazan area, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Subjects and methods: this retrospective study was carried out on 200 women with their ages ranged from 25-37 years old at the Obstetric and Gynecology Department of King Fahd Central Hospital and Sabiya General Hospital during the period between March 2010 and March 2014. The subjects were divided into three groups. Group [1] consists of 69 cases ruptured EP; Group [2] consists of 61 cases non-ruptured by visual examination during surgery and subsequently histopathological examination, where as group [3] consists of 70 women representing the control group having a normal intrauterine pregnancy. Hematological and biochemical measurements were done on all groups
Results: the hematological findings revealed a significant increase in mean platelet volume [MPV], total leukocytic count [WBC] and erythrocyte sedimentation rate [ESR] among TEP patients especially in ruptured cases in comparison with those of normal pregnancy control. A significant decrease in hemoglobin [Hb] and packed cell volume [PCV] in TEP cases either ruptured or non-ruptured and a non-significant changes in total erythrocytic count [RBC]. The biochemical findings revealed a significant increase in serum creatine kinase [ CK] but a significant decrease in serum beta-hCG in both ruptured and non-ruptured TEP
Conclusion: it could be concluded that the WBCs, MPV count and ESR were significantly increased in TEP especially in ruptured cases. The MPV can differentiate between TEP and normal pregnancy but has less clinical significance to differentiate between ruptured and non-ruptured cases. On the other hand, the level of beta-hCG is an important indicator of TEP. Moreover, serum CK cannot be used as a tool for diagnosis of TEP but may differentiate between ruptured and non-ruptured cases
ABSTRACT
Among 30 blood group systems ABO and Rh blood groups are clinically significant. So they are called major blood groups. Frequencies of ABO blood groups and Rh types show geographic variations. The objective of this study was to estimate frequencies of ABO and Rh blood groups in native Saudi blood donors in Jazan region. A total of 30481 healthy donors, donating blood for various reasons at Blood Bank Department of King Fahd Central Hospital in Jazan from January 2002 to December 2008 were evaluated for the ABO and Rh blood groups. Only Saudi nationals were included in this study. Out of 30481 donors, 18909 [62%] were group O, 8411[27.6%] were group A, 2662 [8.7%] were group B and 499 [1.7%] were group AB. Rh+ were 28988 [95%] and 1493 [5%] were Rh-. The results of this study were compared with results of the Southwest and the Eastern regions of Saudi Arabia. This study confirmed that blood group O was the most common of the ABO blood group system in the Jazan region. AB blood group was quite rare and Rh positive was more common than Rh negative phenotype. Significant differences were observed between the results of this study and the results of the Southwest and the Eastern regions of Saudi Arabia in the distribution of both ABO groups and the Rh phenotypes