ABSTRACT
Aim of the work: cervical cancer is considered as a major wellbeing danger towards women. Many studies have shown that even with the high prevalence of cervical cancer the awareness of cervical cancer, cervical screening and human papilloma virus [HPV] is very low. This study aimed to evaluate the level of awareness of cervical cancer, Pap smear test and HPV among women in Saudi Arabia
Methodology: this descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among women in Saudi Arabia during the period from October 2017 to January 2018. A total of 412 participants were included in this study. Data were collected by using pre coded structured questionnaire. The data were analyzed by using the SPSS. P value less than 0.05 was considered significant
Results: the overall knowledge level of cervical cancer was good [78.6%], but it was low regarding the HPV [16.4%] and Pap smear screening test [35.9%]
Conclusion: this study concluded that the level of knowledge about cervical cancer was generally good among women in Saudi Arabia, but there was low knowledge regarding Pap smear test and HPV as a main cause of cervical cancer and as sexual transmitted disease. There was a need for health education to increase the awareness of cervical cancer among women in Saudi Arabia
ABSTRACT
Introduction: anemia of chronic disease has a widespread impact on patients with chronic disorders such as chronic inflammation, infection, malignancy etc. The pathophysiology behind it is largely due to involvement of hepcidin levels which are high as a result of the underlying chronic disorder, but negatively affects iron metabolism and erythropoiesis
Aim of the work: we tried to understand the pathogenesis, impact, diagnosis, and management of anemia due to chronic diseases
Methodology: we conducted this review using a comprehensive search of MEDLINE, PubMed and EMBASE from January 2001 to March 2017. The following search terms were used: anemia of chronic disease, anemia of inflammation, types of anemia, management of chronic anemia
Conclusion: since absolute treatment for the underlying chronic conditions are not available, various other modalities aimed at treating the anemia are developing. They include conventional and novel therapies. More researches must be done in order to manage the condition by treating the underlying cause, or for finding therapies with least side effects