Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 15 de 15
Filter
Add filters








Year range
1.
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-156443

ABSTRACT

Background. Patients with HIV/AIDS are at a high risk of being infected with toxin-producing strains of Clostridium difficile (C. difficile) because of frequent hospitalization, exposure to antibiotics and antibiotic prophylaxis for opportunistic infections. There are little data from India on the prevalence of C. difficile infection in such patients. Methods. We assessed the occurrence of C. difficile infections in HIV-positive patients with diarrhoea by looking for the presence of its toxin as well as by culturing. Enzyme immunoassay (EIA, Premier toxins A and B; Meridian Diagnostic Inc.) was used to detect toxin from 237 fresh stool samples collected from HIV-positive patients with diarrhoea. Culture was done on cycloserine–cefoxitin–fructose agar and brain– heart infusion agar. Results. C. difficile was found in 12 of 237 (5.1%, 95% CI 2.64%–8.68%) HIV-positive patients with diarrhoea (9 patients were positive by EIA and 3 by culture). The presence of C. difficile in patients who had received antiretroviral therapy (7/66 [10.6%]) was significantly higher (p<0.016) compared with those who had not (5/171 [3%]). Of the 12 patients positive for C. difficile, 7 were on antiretroviral therapy for a mean (SD) of 34.4 months with mean CD4+ count of 186 (98.81) cells/cmm and 5 patients were anti-retroviral-naïve with mean CD4+ count of 181 (68.7) cells/cmm. All the 12 patients were on antibiotics for previous 2 months and 4 of 12 had been hospitalized in the previous 30 days. Conclusion. C. difficile infections occurred more frequently in patients who had received antiretroviral therapy. Our study population had a lower frequency of C. difficile infections compared to previous studies.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Anti-Retroviral Agents/therapeutic use , Clostridioides difficile/drug effects , Clostridioides difficile/isolation & purification , Coinfection/epidemiology , Coinfection/prevention & control , Cross-Sectional Studies , Diarrhea/drug therapy , Diarrhea/epidemiology , Diarrhea/microbiology , Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous/drug therapy , Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous/epidemiology , Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous/prevention & control , Female , HIV Infections/drug therapy , HIV Infections/epidemiology , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Prevalence , Risk Factors , Young Adult
3.
Indian J Med Sci ; 1978 Sep-Oct; 32(9-10): 99-100
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-66702
4.
J Indian Med Assoc ; 1977 Nov; 69(10): 229-31
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-102158
6.
J Indian Med Assoc ; 1976 Aug; 67(3): 73-4
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-98058
7.
Indian J Med Sci ; 1976 Apr; 30(4): 156-7
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-67862
10.
J Indian Med Assoc ; 1975 Sep; 65(5): 129-31
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-100008
13.
J Indian Med Assoc ; 1975 Mar; 64(5): 123-5
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-101808
SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL