Coexistence of pneumothorax and Chilaiditi sign: a case report

We present a case of 50 year old male patient with coexistence of Pneumothorax and Chilaiditi sign. Chilaiditi sign is an incidental radiographic finding of a usually asymptomatic condition in which a part of intestine is located between the liver and diaphragm; however, the term "Chilaiditi syndrome" is used for symptomatic hepatodiaphragmatic interposition. The patient had no symptoms of abdominal pain, constipation, diarrhea, or emesis. Incidentally, Chilaiditi sign was diagnosed on chest radiography. Pneumothorax is defined as air in the pleural space. Pneumothoraces are classified as spontaneous or traumatic. Spontaneous pneumothorax is labelled as primary when no underlying lung disease is present, or secondary, when it is associated with pre-existing lung disease. Our case is the rare in the literature indicating the coexistence of Chilaiditi sign and pneumothorax.

Tuberculous retropharyngeal abscess without cervical spine TB

Tuberculous retropharyngeal abscess is a rare presentation. It is present in adults usually due to involvement of cervical spine by tuberculosis. Retropharyngeal space usually gets involved in children due to pyogenic organisms or secondary to trauma. Here is a case of tuberculous retropharyngeal abscess in an adult female, with pulmonary tuberculosis. The patient was not having tuberculous involvement of cervical spine and was managed surgically by aspirating the retropharyngeal abscess transorally and AKT Category I.

A case of acute epididymo-orchitis due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa presenting as ARDS in an immunocompetent host

Acute eididymo-orchitis is the most common cause of intrascrotal inflammation, and retrograde ascent of pathogens is the usual route of infection. Here we intend to present a case of young boy, not sexually active, suffering from acute epididymo-orchitis due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa presented with acute respiratory distress syndrome. Proper timely diagnosis of the primary cause and prompt treatment including support with non invasive ventilation lead to a favourable outcome in the same case.

Presentation of tuberculosis in TB-HIV co-infection patients and the treatment outcome with directly observed short course therapy

Objective:To investigate different presentations of tuberculosis in HIV positive patients and their treatment outcome with directly observed short course therapy (DOTS). Methods: All patients having tuberculosis-HIV (TB-HIV) co-infection were taken. Different manifestations of tuberculosis in HIV positive patients were analyzed. Outcome of the treatment was observed in 14 patients. The rest of the patients were either transferred to other districts or still continuing their DOTS therapy according to the revised national tuberculosis control programme (RNTCP). Results:A total of 901 patients were diagnosed as tuberculosis. Out of these, 227 had positive pulmonary tuberculosis smear, 212 had negative smear and 462 had extra pulmonary tuberculosis. A total of 65 patients suffered from TB-HIV co-infection (7%). Result showed that the incidence of TB-HIV coinfection was the highest in productive age group of 16-45 years old (75%). Treatment completion rate was only 57%and the rate was higher in extra pulmonary tuberculosis patients (83%). Out of 4 sputum positive cases, 3 were declared cured (75%). Conclusions:TB-HIV co-infection in wardha (Cental India) is around 7%. Pattern of tuberculosis in HIV positive patient is the same as in HIV negative patient. Pattern of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis in HIV positive patients is mainly in form of tubercular lymphadenitis and pleural effusion. DOTS is the best modality of treatment of tuberculosis.

A case of acute epididymo-orchitis due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa presenting as ARDS in an immunocompetent host

Acute eididymo-orchitis is the most common cause of intrascrotal inflammation, and retrograde ascent of pathogens is the usual route of infection. Here we intend to present a case of young boy, not sexually active, suffering from acute epididymo-orchitis due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa presented with acute respiratory distress syndrome. Proper timely diagnosis of the primary cause and prompt treatment including support with non invasive ventilation lead to a favourable outcome in the same case.