ABSTRACT
Objective: To study and detect immunohistochemical expression of Estrogen Receptors, Progestrone Receptors and HER-2/neu Receptors in Endometrial Carcinoma [EC] and to find their associations with histological types, grades and stages of the tumor
Methods: A cross sectional study of one year duration from January 2016 to January 2017 was conducted at Histopathology department of Army Medical College, Rawalpindi. A non-probability purposive sampling technique was used to include 56 cases of EC. The specimens were tested for ER, PR and HER-2/neu expression using immunohistochemical analysis. Data was analyzed in SPSS and the significance of association of expression of the receptors with histological types, grades and stages of the tumor was assessed
Results: Significant association of Her-2/neu overexpression with histological types and grades of EC was seen, whereas the association of ER and PR expression with histological types, grades and stage of EC was statistically insignificant
Conclusion: It is suggested that EC showing over expression of HER2/neu with immunohistochemistry may be treated with anti HER-2/neu treatment with better chances of survival and decreased post-treatment morbidity
ABSTRACT
Objective: To determine the frequency of Helicobacter pylori [H. pylori] based on endoscopic of special stains in gastritis cases
Study Design: Prospective descriptive study
Place and Duration of Study: Histopathology department, Army Medical College Rawalpindi, from Oct 2016 to Mar 2017
Material and Methods: One hundred [100] cases were included in the study. Gastric biopsies of the patients histologically diagnosed as gastritis were included in the study, which were evaluated for the presence of H. pylori with the help of special stain [Modified Giemsa stain]
Results: Gastric biopsies of 100 patients, who were diagnosed as gastritis on histopathological examination were analyzed with the help of Giemsa stain for the presence or absence of H. pylori. Out of these 100 cases, 60 were males and 35 were females. Most patients were between the age group of 30-40 years. Histological examination and special stain analysis revealed presence of H. pylori in 30 cases [30%], while rest of the 70 cases [70%] showed no H. pylori. Out of 30 cases positive for H. pylori, 28 cases [93%] had chronic active gastritis, while 2 cases [7%] had no element of activity
Conclusion: Among the cases of chronic gastritis, H. pylori negative gastritis was more common than H. pylori associated gastritis. A significantly decreased frequency of H. pylori in histologically gastritis cases in our population may be due to more frequent use of complete or incomplete therapies against H. pylori by general practitioners at some stage of disease