Intracytoplasmic sperm injection outcome using ejaculated sperm and retrieved sperm in azoospermic men

We aimed to determine pregnancy and miscarriage rates following intracytoplasmic sperm injection [ICSI] cycles using retrieved epididymal and testicular sperm in azoospermic men and ejaculated sperm in oliogospermic and normospermic men. This retrospective study was carried out on 517 couples who underwent ICSI. They included 96 couples with azoospermia and 421 with oligospermia or normal sperm count in the male partner. Of the men with azoospermia, 69 underwent percutaneous epididymal aspiration [PESA] and 47 underwent testicular sperm extraction [TESE]. In the 421 men with oligospermia or normal sperm count, ejaculated sperm was used for ICSI. The differences in the outcomes of ICSI using PESA or TESE and ejaculated sperm were evaluated. The main outcome measures were pregnancy and miscarriage rates. No significant differences were seen in pregnancy and miscarriage rates with surgically retrieved and ejaculated sperm. The pregnancy rates [including frozen embryo transfer] were 43.5%, 36.2%, and 41.4% in couples with PESA, TESE, and ejaculated sperm, respectively [P=.93]. The miscarriage rates were 16.7%, 23.5%, and 12.1, respectively [P=.37]. Intracytoplasmic sperm injection in combination with PESA and TESE is an effective method and can successfully be performed to treat men with azoospermia. The outcomes with these procedures are comparable to ICSI using ejaculated sperm

Presenting features of urinary tract infection [UTI] in children: a hospital based study

Urinary tract infection [UTI] is one of the most common disorders seen in children world wide but not as frequently as in adults. Because of high incidence of urinary tract infection and its associated morbidity and mortality, early diagnosis and treatment of this condition is essential. This study was carried out to see the common clinical presentations of UTI especially presenting with fever but no urinary symptoms, in children admitted in Department of Pediatrics at Sheikh Zayed Hospital, Lahore. 57 Children diagnosed as UTI, upto 15 years of age, admitted during years 2004 and 2005 in department of Pediatrics Sheikh Zayed Hospital, Lahore, were included in this observational descriptive study. Fever was the commonest clinical presentation [78%] followed by pain abdomen [54%] and dysuria [40%] Failure to thrive was observed in [12%] of patients. Fever was the main clinical feature observed in our study. Children who present with fever without focus should be investigated for UTI. so that early diagnosis and prompt management can reduce the risk of complications associated with UTI