Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 20 de 47
Filter
1.
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-218330

ABSTRACT

Aim: The study aimed to determine the prevalence of potential drug-drug interactions (PDDIs) and potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) among geriatrics. Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted for six months in the Department of Geriatrics, M.S. Ramaiah Teaching Hospital, Bangalore. PDDIs and PIMS were analyzed using micromedex database and Beer's criteria respectively. Results: Among 395 prescriptions, 221(56%) prescriptions showed 559 pDDIs and 41(10.4%) PIMs. Almost 281(50.3%), 260(46.5%), 16(2.7%) and 2(0.3%) pDDIs were categorised as major, moderate, minor and contraindicated respectively. Almost 321(57.5%) were synergistic and 196(35.0%) were antagonistic drug interactions. Pearson correlation value (R) is 0.9957 which showed a strong positive correlation. Conclusion: This study created awareness on drug interactions among geriatrics and help the practitioners to prescribe drugs with a low risk of pDDIs. The authors suggest PIM monitoring in geriatrics to avoid adverse effects and improve patients' quality of life.

2.
Int. j. high dilution res ; 21(2): 19-19, May 6, 2022.
Article in English | LILACS, HomeoIndex | ID: biblio-1396733

ABSTRACT

Apocrine gland carcinomas are rare malignant neoplasms that occur in cats. Available treatment is surgical, would lead to total ablation of the external acoustic meatus and usually recurrent [1,2].Methodology:In December 2020, a homeopathic consultation of the feline, male, Persian, 13 years old, a history of the disease was reported, which started in 2015, adding up to six recurrences of tumor processes in the eyelids and recent formation in the left ear canal.The result of the histopathological examination confirmed apocrine adenocarcinoma.Prior to homeopathic treatment, tumors recurred despite surgical interventions and prophylactic treatment with trichloracetic acid.However, remaining formations were noted in the eyelids and ear canal. It has a rounded blackened shape in the upper right eyelid measuring 0.4 cm and the lower 0.2 cm, round. In the left ear canal, around 1.6 cm, in addition to 4 points scattered in the ear folds. Homeopathic treatment was started for two months with Arsenicum album30 cH, twice a day; Carcinosinum 200 cH, once a day, and complex containing Avena sativa4 cH, Echinacea angustifolia4 cH, Conium maculatum6 cH, Thuja officinalis6 cH and Silicea terra6 cH, four times a day. Every two months, the clinical picturewas reassessed, potenciesand frequencies readjusted.In a few months,there was complete remission of the tumor, recovery of welfare, and improvement in mood and appetite. The free and informed consent term was signed. There was no recurrence of tumors until May2022. Conclusion:This study proved to be effective, documented with photos and exams. Approaching a rare case may provide a new therapeutic possibility. The credibility of quality homeopathic case reports has been increasing due to methodological requirements using tools developed in recent studies.


Subject(s)
Animals , Adenocarcinoma, Papillary/therapy , Homeopathic Therapeutics , Felidae
3.
Pensam. psicol ; 18(2): 58-70, Jul.-Dec. 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1154985

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective. To determine the association between perceived exertion (RPE) and physiological variables and to determine the predictive factors of RPE during submaximal and maximal exertion in older adults. Method. Older adults from Kansas (n = 100) and Costa Rica (n = 79) performed a submaximal and maximal stress test. RPE, education level and a total score of cognitive function (CFTS) were collected. Correlation and multiple regression analyses were computed using RPE as the criterion variable and oxygen consumption (VO2), respiratory exchange ratio (RER), CFTS and education level as predictors. Results. There was a significant correlation between VEP and RER (r = 0.22, p = 0.029) at maximal exertion. The RPE predictors for women were VO2, RER, and CFTS at different stages of the test. For men, VEP was predicted by RER, education level, and VO2 at different stages. Conclusion. Metabolic and physiological variables predicted RPE in older adults. Age, cognition, and heart rate were unrelated to RPE at maximal exertion, and RER predicted RPE scores during submaximal and maximal exertion.


Resumen Objetivo. Determinar la asociación entre el esfuerzo percibido (VEP) y variables fisiológicas y determinar los factores predictivos de VEP durante el esfuerzo submáximo y máximo en adultos mayores. Método. Adultos mayores de Kansas (n = 100) y Costa Rica (n = 79) realizaron una prueba de esfuerzo submáxima y máxima. Se recopiló la VEP, nivel de educación y una puntuación total de la función cognitiva (PTFC). Se usaron análisis de correlación y regresión múltiple utilizando VEP como variable criterio y el consumo de oxígeno (VO2), tasa de intercambio respiratorio (RER), PTFC y nivel de educación como predictores. Resultados. Se encontró una correlación significativa entre la VEP y la RER (r = 0.22, p = 0.029) en el esfuerzo máximo. Los predictores de VEP para las mujeres fueron VO2, RER y PTFC en diferentes etapas de la prueba. Para los hombres, la VEP fue predicha por RER, nivel de educación y VO2 en diferentes etapas. Conclusión. Las variables metabólicas y fisiológicas predijeron los valores de VEP en adultos mayores. La edad, la cognición y la FC no se relacionaron con la VEP en el esfuerzo máximo y la RER predijo las puntuaciones de la VEP durante el esfuerzo submáximo y máximo.


Resumo Escopo. Determinar a associação entre o esforço percebido (VEP) e as variáveis fisiológicas e determinar os fatores preditivos de VEP durante o esforço submáximo e máximo em idosos. Metodologia. Idosos de Kansas (n= 100) e Costa Rica (n= 79) realizaram uma prova de esforço submáxima e máxima. Foi recopilada o VEP, nível de educação e pontuação total da função cognitiva (PTFCO. Foram usadas análises de correlação e regressão múltipla utilizando VEP como variável critério e o consumo de oxigeno (VO2), taxa de intercambio respiratório (RER), PTFC e nível de educação como preditores. Resultados. Foi encontrada uma correlação significativa entre a VEP e a RER (r = 0.22, p = 0.029)) no esforço máximo. Os preditores de VEP para as mulheres foram VO2, RER e PTFC em diferentes etapas da prova. Para os homens, a VEP foi predita por RER, nível de educação e VO2 em diferentes etapas. Conclusão. As variáveis metabólicas e fisiológicas predisseram os valores de VEP em idosos. A idade, a cognição e a FC não estiveram relacionadas com a VEP no esforço máximo e a RER predizia as pontuações da VEP durante o esforço submáximo e máximo.

4.
Rev. bras. ciênc. esporte ; 42: e2009, 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1137372

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to analyze the impact of running in normal relative humidity (RH = 53%) and very high RH (94%) on hydration status (HS), sweating rate (SR), heart rate (HR), and rating of perceived exertion (RPE). Fourteen men (25.2 ± 6.6 yrs) performed two sessions of treadmill running. Body mass (normal RH: -1.35%, very high RH: -1.65%) HS (normal RH: -14.8%; very high RH: -20.8%) were reduced while RPE (normal RH: +26%; very high RH: +28%) and HR were increased (very high RH: +5.8%: 20-40 min, +3.1%: 40-60 min, +3%: 20-40 min; +2.3%: 40-60 min for normal RH). As expected, SR was significantly greater during very high RH (-20/8%) compared to normal RH (-14.8%). Running in very high RH at moderate temperature has a greater negative impact on SR, HS, body mass, HR, RPE in men than running in normal RH at the same temperature, which places the runner in greater danger of heat illnesses such as heat exhaustion or heat stroke.


RESUMO Analisar o impacto da corrida em diferentes humidade relativa (HR) (normal (53%), muito alto (94%)), estado de hidratação (EH), taxa de transpiração (TT), freqüência cardíaca (FC), esforço percebido (RPE). Quatorze homens (25,2 anos) realizaram duas sessões de corrida em esteira. Massa corporal (HR normal: -1,35%, HR muito alta: -1,65%) e EH reduziram (HR normal: -14,8%, HR muito alta: -20,8%), RPE (HR normal: + 26%, HR muito alta: + 28%), aumento da FC (HR muito alta: + 5.8%: 20-40 min, + 3.1%: 40-60 min, HR normal: + 3%: 20-40 min; + 2.3%: 40-60 min). TT foi significantemente diferente entre HR (HR normal: -14.8%, HR muito alta: -20.8%). Há um impacto negativo na corrida em EH, massa corporal, FC e RPE em homens com HR normal e muito alta, e TT é mais afetada com HR muito alta.


RESUMEN El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar las repercusiones de correr con diferentes niveles de humedad relativa (HR) (normal [53%], muy alta [94%]) sobre el estado de hidratación (EH), la tasa de sudoración (TS), la frecuencia cardíaca (FC) y el esfuerzo percibido (EP). Catorce hombres (25,2 ± 6,6 años) realizaron dos sesiones en cinta de correr. La masa corporal (HR normal: -1,35%; HR muy alta: -1,65%) y el EH (HR normal: -14,8%; HR muy alta: -20,8%) se redujeron, mientras que el EP (HR normal: +26%; HR muy alta: +28%) y la FC (HR muy alta: +5,8%: 20-40 min; +3,1%: 40-60 min; HR normal: + 3%: 20-40 min; + 2,3%: 40-60) aumentaron. La TS fue considerablemente diferente entre las HR (HR normal: -14,8%; muy alta HR: -20,8%). Hay repercusiones negativas por correr con una HR muy alta y una temperatura moderada en TS, EH, masa corporal, FC y EP en corredores que corren a una HR normal a la misma temperatura, lo que sitúa a estos en gran peligro de sufrir un enfermedad provocada por el calor, como agotamiento por calor o golpe de calor.

5.
Ghana Med. J. (Online) ; 54(4): 100-103, 2020.
Article in English | AIM | ID: biblio-1262316

ABSTRACT

With the advent of the COVID-19 pandemic, healthcare systems and their provision of care has globally been challenged, including the delivery of Oral healthcare. In Ghana, it has become imperative that healthcare delivery including the practice of Dentistry and its sub-specialties be re-oriented in our peculiar setting to ensure minimal risk of spread of the infection. This article discusses the impact of COVID-19 on the practice of Dentistry in the country


Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Dentistry , General Practice, Dental , Ghana , Pandemics
6.
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-200679

ABSTRACT

Cardiac arrhythmia affects ~ 6% in those over 65 years of age (old), but with 0.2% occurrence in those of 45 years and below (young). Arrhythmia can result from dysregulation of the cardiac impulse generation and its conduction. Connexin proteins are responsible for cardiac impulse conduction, and phosphorylation of connexin 43 determines its functional ability. In this study, Phosphorylated connexin 43, density and expression were assessed in ventricular tissues from young (6 months old) and old (24 monthsold) Wister rats, using the techniques of western blot and immunohistochemistry. Results show that phosphorylated Cx43 in the left ventricle of 24 months old rats significantly declined (P=0.04 & 0.01) by method of western blot and immunohistochemistry respectively, but did not differ in the right ventricle. The left ventricle is known to be responsible for cardiac output. This data suggest an age-associated decline in the expression of phosphorylated connexin 43 in the left ventricle, which may play a significant role in the development of cardiac arrhythmia in the elderly.

7.
Rev. bras. ciênc. mov ; 26(4): 76-86, out.- dez. 2018. tab, ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-996465

ABSTRACT

A motivação tem sido tema central de investigação na Psicologia do Esporte porque se entende que esse fenômeno psicológico pode maximizar o desempenho de diferentes níveis de atletas. O presente estudo teve os seguintes objetivos: i) proceder à tradução e adaptação transcultural (equivalência semântica/conceitual e validade de conteúdo) do Perceived Motivational Climate in Sport Questionnaire-2 (PMCSQ-2); e, ii) verificar as suas propriedades psicométricas (consistência interna, validade fatorial,confiabilidade composta e variância extraída média) A amostra do presente estudo foi composta por 255 atletas (231 do sexo masculino e 24 do sexo feminino) de diferentes modalidades esportivas, com idades compreendidas entre 18 e 52 anos (M = 25,61 e DP = 4,98). O instrumento foi aplicado nos locais de treino dos atletas. A versão brasileira do PMCSQ-2 alcançou bons índices de validade de conteúdo, assim como, de confiabilidade e índices marginais de variância extraída média. Foi suportada a evidência de validade de constructo através dos índices de ajustamentos revelados pela Análise Fatorial Confirmatória (AFC). Conclui-se que esse instrumento pode ser utilizado em futuros estudos, para o entendimento do clima motivacional em equipes esportivas com objetivo de melhorar o desempenho de atleta de competição....(AU)


Motivation has been a central theme of research in Sport Psychology because it has been seen as a psychological phenomenon that maximizes the performance of different levels of athletes. The present study had the following objectives: i) transcultural translation and adaptation (semantic/conceptual equivalence and content validity) of the Perceived Motivational Climate in Sport Questionnaire-2 (PMCSQ-2); and (ii) to verify their psychometric properties (internal consistency, factorial validity, composite reliability and mean extracted variance). The sample consisted of 255 athletes (231 males and 24 females) of different sports ages ranging from 18 to 52 years (M = 25.61 and SD = 4.98). The instrument was applied at athletes' training locations. The Brazilian version of PMCSQ-2 achieved good fit indexes, as well as reliability and marginal indexes of mean extracted variance. Evidence of construct validity was supported through the fit indexes by Confirmatory Factor Analysis (AFC). We conclude that this instrument can be used in future studies to understand the motivational climate in sports teams with the objective of improving the performance of athletes in competition...(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Physical Education and Training , Sports , Motivation
8.
Rev. panam. salud pública ; 42: e39, 2018. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-961804

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate whether participation in the Moms' Empowerment Program (MEP), a 10-week, 10-session intervention designed to provide support and increase access to available community resources for women experiencing intimate partner violence (IPV), enhanced the physical health of participants who self-identified as Latina. Methods Mothers of children ages 4-12 who self-identified as Latina and had experienced IPV within the past two years were recruited at three intervention sites in Michigan, Ohio, and Texas, via community postings and referrals from agencies serving IPV-exposed families. Selected study participants (n = 93) were assigned to one of two groups: Treatment (immediate enrollment in the MEP) or Control (placement on a waitlist with an invitation to participate in the MEP after the 10-week study period). Data were drawn from two structured interviews, one at the time of recruitment for the study (Time One), and one following the intervention or wait period (Time Two). Results After controlling for age, educational attainment, and partner residence (living with a violent partner at the time of the interview), multilevel modeling revealed that improvement in physical health over time was significantly greater among women who participated in the intervention relative to controls. Conclusions These data suggest that enhancing interpersonal connectedness and access to resources positively affects physical health for Latinas experiencing IPV.


RESUMEN Objetivo Evaluar si la participación en la iniciativa Programa de Empoderamiento de las Mamás (PEM), una intervención de 10 sesiones en 10 semanas concebida para prestar apoyo a mujeres autodefinidas como latinas objeto de violencia de pareja y brindarles un mayor acceso a los recursos comunitarios, mejoró la salud física de las participantes. Métodos Participaron en el estudio madres de niños de 4 a 12 años de edad que se autodefinieron como latinas y habían sido objeto de violencia de pareja en los últimos dos años. El reclutamiento de las participantes se hizo en tres sitios donde se realizaba la intervención, en Michigan, Ohio y Texas, por medio de avisos comunitarios y referencias de organismos que atienden a familias expuestas a la violencia de pareja. Las participantes seleccionadas para el estudio (n = 93) se asignaron a uno de los dos grupos siguientes: grupo de tratamiento (se inscribieron de inmediato en el PEM) o grupo de control (se pusieron en una lista de espera y se invitaron a participar en el PEM una vez que transcurrieran las 10 semanas del estudio). Se extrajeron datos de dos entrevistas estructuradas, una realizada al inscribir a las participantes en el estudio (fecha 1) y otra después de la intervención o el período de espera (fecha 2). Resultados Después de controlar la edad, el nivel de escolaridad y el lugar de residencia de la pareja (vivir con una pareja violenta en el momento de la entrevista), el modelo de varios niveles mostró que el mejoramiento de la salud física con el transcurso del tiempo era significativamente mayor en las mujeres que habían participado en la intervención que en las mujeres del grupo de control. Conclusiones Estos datos indican que mejorar la conexión interpersonal y el acceso a los recursos tiene un efecto positivo en la salud física de las mujeres latinas que son objeto de violencia de pareja.


RESUMO Objetivo Avaliar se a participação no Programa de Empoderamento de Mães (PEM), uma intervenção composta por 10 sessões semanais com o objetivo de prestar apoio e melhorar o acesso aos recursos disponíveis na comunidade para mulheres que sofrem violência infligida pelo parceiro íntimo, promove a melhora da saúde física das participantes que se reconhecem como latinas. Métodos Mães de crianças com idade de 4 a 12 anos que se reconhecem como latinas e sofreram violência infligida pelo parceiro íntimo nos dois anos anteriores foram recrutadas em três centros de intervenção em Michigan, Ohio e Texas, por meio de anúncios na comunidade e o encaminhamento de órgãos que fazem o atendimento de famílias expostas à violência infligida pelo parceiro íntimo. As participantes selecionadas para o estudo (n = 93) foram divididas em dois grupos: grupo de tratamento (inscrição imediata no PEM) ou grupo de controle (inscrição na lista de espera com convite para participar do PEM após o período do estudo de 10 semanas). Os dados foram coletados em duas entrevistas estruturadas, uma ao recrutamento para o estudo (momento 1) e a outra após a intervenção ou o período de espera (momento 2). Resultados Após controlar idade, nível de instrução e residência do parceiro (coabitação com o parceiro violento no momento da entrevista), a análise com o modelo de múltiplos níveis demonstrou que houve uma melhora significativamente maior da saúde física ao longo do tempo nas participantes da intervenção em comparação ao grupo de controle. Conclusões Esses resultados indicam que reforçar o senso de conexão interpessoal e melhorar o acesso aos recursos têm um impacto positivo na saúde física de mulheres latinas que sofrem violência infligida pelo parceiro íntimo.


Subject(s)
Domestic Violence/statistics & numerical data , Violence Against Women , Intimate Partner Violence/psychology , United States , Michigan/epidemiology
9.
Medicina (Ribeiräo Preto) ; 50(1): 1-10, jan.-fev. 2017.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-833773

ABSTRACT

Modelo do estudo: Estudo de Prevalência. Objetivo do estudo: Conhecer a prevalência dos resultados alterados dos exames preventivos para câncer do colo do útero e a sua regularidade na coleta. Metodologia: Estudo observacional, transversal e retrospectivo. Foram estudadas 3.425 mulheres usuárias do Sistema Único de Saúde e 9.436 exames citopatológicos de novembro de 2003 a janeiro de 2014. Resultados: A mediana da idade foi de 35 anos (25,0 - 46,0, percentil 25 a 75%). No primeiro exame citopatológico, 2,7% das mulheres apresentaram alterações em células epiteliais. As Células escamosas atípicas de significado incerto (ASC-US) (n=54; 1,7%) e as lesões intra-epiteliais de baixo grau (LIEBG) (n=24; 0,7%) foram as mais frequentes. Ao longo do período observado houveram 87 novas alterações citopatológicas, totalizando 173 exames alterados em 9.436 analisados. Quanto a regularidade, 58,5% pacientes repetiram a segunda coleta. Conclusões: Houve um perfil predominante de mulheres jovens, sendo o diagnóstico de ASC-US o mais frequente. A flora bacteriana mais frequente foi Lactobacillus principalmente em mulheres jovens. (AU)


Study Model: Prevalence Study. Study objective: To determine the prevalence of the abnormal cervical cancer screening test (PAP) and regularity in repeat it. Methods: An observational, cross-sectional and retrospective study. 3,425 women, users of the Brazilian Unified Health System, and 9,436 cytopathology, conducted from November 2003 to January 2014, were studied. Results: The median age was 35 years (25.0 to 46.0, 25 to 75% percentile). In the first PAP, 2.7% of women examined had alterations in epithelial cells. The atypical squamous cells of uncertain significance (ASC-US) (n = 54; 1.7%), and low-grade intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) (n = 24; 0.7%) were the most frequent alterations found. During the observed period, 87 new abnormal PAPs were found, totalling 173 altered tests in 9436 analysed. Regarding regularity of test, 58.5% patients repeated the second PAP. Conclusions: There was a preferential profile of young women, and the diagnosis of ASC-US was the most frequently found. Lactobacillus, especially in young women, was the main bacterial flora. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Vaginal Smears , DNA Probes, HPV , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/epidemiology
10.
An. acad. bras. ciênc ; 89(3,supl): 2013-2020, 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-886792

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Fungi of Pleurotus genus have attracted a great interest due to their medicinal properties such as anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and antitumor. These properties are attributed mainly to polysaccharides synthesized by Pleurotus. This work aimed to study the mycelial growth of P. ostreatus in submerged culture, evaluating the influence of the initial concentration of substrate (20 and 40 g/L of glucose) and the pH (4 and 6) on kinetic parameters of production of biomass. The effectiveness of different doses (10, 30 and 50 mg/kg) of a mycelium polysaccharide fraction extracted from P. ostreatus in reducing Sarcoma 180 development in mice was also verified. In the range of this study, maximum concentration of mycelial biomass (about 12.8 g/L) was obtained using 40.0 g/L of glucose, at pH 4.0. The total biomass productivity (Px) was not significantly affected by substrate concentration and pH, reaching values of 0.034 g/L.h. Sarcoma 180 tumor weight was reduced in 74.1, 75.5 and 53.7% when 10, 30 and 50 mg/kg were administered, respectively. These results show the high antitumor potential of intracellular polysaccharide fraction of mycelial biomass of P. ostreatus, particularly at lower doses of 10 and 30 mg/kg.


Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Polysaccharides/pharmacology , Sarcoma 180/drug therapy , Pleurotus , Mycelium , Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology , Tumor Burden
11.
Medisan ; 20(10)oct. 2016. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: lil-797508

ABSTRACT

Se describe el caso clínico de una infante de 4 años de edad atendida inicialmente en el Servicio de Pediatría del Hospital el Instituto Ecuatoriano de Seguridad Social de Ibarra, de la Repúblicade Ecuador y luego en el de Cirugía Vascular, donde se le diagnosticó síndrome de Parkes Weber.


The case report of a 4 years child is described assisted initially in the Pediatrics Service of the Social Security Ecuadorian Institute Hospital of Ibarra in Ecuador Republic and then in the Vascular Surgery Service, where she was diagnosed Parkes Weber syndrome.


Subject(s)
Sturge-Weber Syndrome , Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber Syndrome , Child, Preschool
12.
J. bras. patol. med. lab ; 51(5): 315-322, tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-764550

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACTIntroduction:Incidence rates of anal cancer have been rising worldwide in the last 20 years. Due to embryological, histological and immunohistochemical similarities between the anal canal and the cervix, routine screening with anal cytology for precursor lesions in high-risk groups has been adopted. Objective: To determine interobserver agreement for the diagnosis of anal neoplasia by anal cytology.Material and methods:A cross-sectional observational study was conducted in 324 women with cervical intraepithelial or invasive cancers, for screening of anal cancer, from December 2008 to June 2009. Three hundred twenty-four cytological samples were analyzed by three cytopathologists. Cytological evaluation was based on the revised Bethesda terminology; samples were also classified into negative and positive for atypical cells. We calculated the kappa statistic with 95% confidence interval (95% CI) to assess agreement among the three cytopathologists.Results:Interobserver agreement in the five categories of the Bethesda terminology was moderate (kappa for multiple raters: 0.6). Agreement among cytopathologists 1, 2 and 3 with a consensus diagnosis was strong (kappa: 0.71, 0.85 and 0.82, respectively).Conclusion:Interobserver agreement in anal cytology was moderate to strong, indicating that cervical cytomorphological criteria are reproducible also in anal samples.


RESUMOIntrodução:O número de casos de câncer de canal anal vem aumentando nos últimos 20 anos no mundo. Devido às similaridades embriológicas, histológicas e imuno-histoquímicas do canal anal com o colo uterino, adotou-se a citologia anal para rastreamento das lesões precursoras desse tipo de câncer em grupos de risco.Objetivo:Determinar a concordância interobservadores na citologia anal e a concordância entre os diagnósticos citológico e histopatológico no rastreamento das neoplasias anais.Material e métodos:Foi realizado um estudo observacional do tipo corte transversal para rastreamento de câncer anal em 324 mulheres com neoplasias intraepiteliais ou invasivas cervicais, no período de dezembro de 2008 a junho de 2009. Foram colhidas amostras citológicas anais, as quais foram analisadas por três citopatologistas; a seguir, elas foram classificadas de acordo com o consenso Bethesda 2001, sendo agrupadas em negativas e positivas para células atípicas. Biópsias e reação em cadeia de polimerase (PCR) para papilomavírus humano (HPV) foram realizadas para verificar a concordância interobservadores. Foi aplicado o coeficiente kappa múltiplo e simples, bem como o seu intervalo de confiança de 95%.Resultados:A concordância interobservadores, incluindo todas as categorias diagnósticas, foi moderada (coeficiente kappa múltiplo: 0,6). A concordância para identificar citologias anormais entre os citopatologistas 1, 2 e 3 com o diagnóstico de consenso foi forte (coeficiente de kappa simples: 0,71; 0,85 e 0,82; respectivamente).Conclusão:A concordância interobservadores na citologia anal foi de moderada a forte, indicando que os critérios citomorfológicos são reprodutíveis na interpretação de material anal.

13.
Interaçao psicol ; 17(3): 305-314, set.-dez. 2013.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-756045

ABSTRACT

A constatação da alta prevalência, em pacientes com doenças renais, de sintomas psicopatológicos, da perda da sua qualidade de vida, além das perdas reais, e da falta de informação sobre sua doença e tratamento, aponta para a necessidade da atuação dos profissionais da saúde sobre esses pontos. Através da análise crítica da interdisciplinaridade, em contraponto à multidisciplinaridade, e do alcance que o trabalho grupal apresenta, é feita uma proposta de intervenção junto aos pacientes internados em uma enfermaria de Nefrologia. A intervenção proposta é um grupo interdisciplinar rotativo aberto que trabalhe as diferentes demandas trazidas por esses pacientes. Como exemplo, é apresentado o recorte de um dos grupos realizados onde os diferentes aspectos dessa intervenção são identificados e comentados.


The high prevalence of psychopathological symptoms among renal patients, the reduced quality of life that adds to their ensuing actual losses, and the lack of information on their illness and treatment, indicates that health professionals should act on these specific points. By means of a critical analysis of interdisciplinarity vis-à-vis multidisciplinarity and taking advantage of the reach of group work, we propose an intervention, consisting of an opened rotating interdisciplinary group, offered to patients admitted to a Nephrology ward, in order to deal with their different demands. As an example, excerpts from one group session are presented, and the various aspects of the intervention are identified and commented on.


Subject(s)
Nephrology/methods
14.
An. acad. bras. ciênc ; 83(2): 599-609, June 2011. graf, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-589899

ABSTRACT

The enzyme glucanase from Moniliophthora perniciosa was produced in liquid medium and purified from the culture supernatant. A multivariate statistical approach (Response Surface Methodology - RSM) was employed to evaluate the effect of variables, including inducer (yeast extract) and fermentation time, on secreted glucanase activities M. perniciosa detected in the culture medium. The crude enzyme present in the supernatant was purified in two steps: precipitation with ammonium sulfate (70 percent) and gel filtration chromatography on Sephacryl S-200. The best inducer and fermentation time for glucanase activities were 5.9 g L-1 and 13 days, respectively. The results revealed three different isoforms (GLUI, GLUII and GLUIII) with purification factors of 4.33, 1.86 and 3.03, respectively. The partially purified enzymatic extract showed an optimum pH of 5.0 and an optimum temperature of 40°C. The enzymatic activity increased in the presence of KCl at all concentrations studied. The glucanase activity was highest in the presence of 0.2 M NaCl. The enzyme showed high thermal stability, losing only 10.20 percent of its specific activity after 40 minutes of incubation at 90°C. A purified enzyme with relatively good thermostability that is stable at low pH might be used in future industrial applications.


A enzima glucanase de Moniliophthora perniciosa foi produzida em meio líquido e purificada a partir do sobrenadante da cultura. A metodologia de superfície de resposta (MSR) foi usada para avaliar os efeitos das variáveis, incluindo indutor (extrato de levedura) e tempo de fermentação, na atividade da glucanase de M. perniciosa detectada no meio de cultura. A enzima presente no sobrenadante foi purificada em duas etapas: precipitação com sulfato de amônio (70 por cento) e cromatografia de filtração em gel em Sephacryl S-200. A produção da enzima glucanase foi maior na concentração de 5,9 g L-1 de extrato de levedura e 13 dias de fermentação. Os resultados mostraram três diferentes isoformas (GLUI, GLUII e GLUIII) com fatores de purificação de 4,33, 1,86 e 3,03, respectivamente. O extrato enzimático parcialmente purificado mostrou um pH ótimo de 5,0 e uma temperatura ótima de 40°C. A atividade enzimática aumentou na presença de KCl em todas as concentrações estudadas. A atividade da glucanase foi maior na presença de NaCl 0,2 M. A enzima apresentou alta estabilidade térmica, perdendo apenas 10,20 por cento de sua atividade específica após 40 minutos de incubação a 90°C. Os resultados de termoestabilidade e a atividade em baixo pH mostraram que a enzima glucanase de M. perniciosa tem características promissoras para futuras aplicações industriais.


Subject(s)
Agaricales/enzymology , /biosynthesis , Chromatography, Gel , Enzyme Stability , Fermentation , /chemistry , /isolation & purification , Substrate Specificity , Temperature
16.
Rev. bras. farmacogn ; 20(6): 866-870, dez. 2010. graf, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-572623

ABSTRACT

As sementes de guaraná (Paullinia cupana Kunth, Sapindaceae) são utilizadas como estimulante e os principais constituintes químicos são as metilxantinas e os taninos, tais como catequina e epicatequina. Este trabalho teve por objetivo investigar um método por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência (CLAE) para quantificar, simultaneamente, cafeína, teofilina, teobromina, catequina e epicatequina em pó de guaraná. Os valores obtidos foram comparados com os resultados encontrados no método espectrofotométrico da Farmacopéia Brasileira IV ed. Pelo método cromatográfico, os teores de metilxantinas e taninos totais foram de 4,04 por cento e 1,48 por cento, respectivamente. Os teores de metilxantinas e taninos totais, obtidos pelo método espectrofotométrico, foram de 4,88 por cento e 4,05 por cento, respectivamente. Acredita-se que, nas condições experimentais empregadas, o método espectrofotométrico não foi específico, quantificando outras substâncias fenólicas presentes no guaraná. Portanto, sugere-se o emprego desse método cromatográfico no controle de qualidade do guaraná em pó, por ser preciso, sensível, específico e rápido.


The seeds of Paullinia cupana Kunth, Sapindaceae, are used as a stimulant and the main chemical constituents are the methylxanthines and tannins, as catechin and epicatechin. This study aimed to investigate a method by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to quantify both caffeine, theophylline, theobromine, catechin and epicatechin in powdered of P. cupana. The values obtained were compared with the results of the spectrophotometric method of the Brazilian Pharmacopoeia IV ed. For the chromatographic method, the levels of methylxanthines and total tannins were 4.04 percent and 1.48 percent, respectively. The levels of methylxanthines and total tannins obtained by the spectrophotometric method, were 4.88 percent and 4.05 percent, respectively. It is believed that, under our experimental conditions, the spectrophotometric method was not specific and quantified others phenolic substances present in the P. cupana. Therefore we suggest the use of this chromatographic method in quality control of P. cupana powder, to be accurate, sensitive, specific and fast.

17.
Rev. bras. epidemiol ; 13(4): 641-650, Dec. 2010. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-569105

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Prisons offer a fertile setting for the transmission of tuberculosis due to the presence of many classic risk factors for both infection and disease: overcrowding, poor ventilation, and little sunlight. Prisoners are often malnourished and have poor hygiene and are more likely to have a background of alcohol and drug abuse. OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence of prisoners with respiratory symptoms and pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) through active case finding in a prisoner population of the county jail of Carapicuíba, and to study possible related variables. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study, and respiratory symptomatic individuals (RSI) were detected through active case finding. Socio-demographic data were collected from inmates' judicial history using a specific questionnaire. The RSI provided sputum specimens for detection of acid fast bacilli and culture for mycobacterium identification. RESULTS: Among the 397 prisoners studied, 154 reported respiratory symptoms for more than three weeks, and were considered RSI; the variables associated with RSI were: having already been tried and incarcerated for more than six months and seven were diagnosed as PTB (1,763 cases/ 100,000 inhabitants). CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of RSI and PTB cases were respectively 39 and 35 times greater than the general population.


INTRODUÇÃO: Estabelecimentos prisionais são um campo favorável para a transmissão de tuberculose (TB), devido a presença de vários fatores de risco clássicos, tanto para a infecção como para a doença: aglomeração, falta de ventilação e de iluminação, como também o fato de os detentos receberem uma nutrição deficitária e os locais possuí-rem condições de higiene precárias; uma grande proporção dos detentos apresentam história pregressa de alcoolismo e uso de drogas ilícitas nas dependências desses estabelecimentos. OBJETIVOS: Determinar a prevalência de sintomáticos respiratórios (RSI) e casos de tuberculose pulmonar (TBP) através da busca ativa em população privada de liberdade na cadeia pública do município de Carapicuíba e estudar os prováveis fatores associados. MÉTODO: O desenho de estudo foi do tipo corte transversal, realizou-se a busca ativa de RSI e os dados sociodemográficos foram coletados em questionários específicos a partir dos processos judiciais dos participantes. Os RSI foram submetidos ao exame de baciloscopia e cultura para micobactérias do escarro. RESULTADOS: Dos 397 detentos estudados, 154 relataram tosse por mais de três semanas, considerados RSI. Os fatores associados à presença de sintomas respiratórios foram estar preso há mais de seis meses e ter sido julgado. Foram diagnosticados 7 casos de tuberculose pulmonar, 1.763 casos por 100.000 detentos. CONCLUSÕES: A prevalência de RSI e casos de TBP foram 39 e 35 vezes superior ao encontrado na população em geral respectivamente.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Prisoners , Respiration Disorders/epidemiology , Respiration Disorders/etiology , Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/complications , Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/epidemiology , Brazil , Cross-Sectional Studies , Prevalence , Urban Health
18.
Rev. habanera cienc. méd ; 9(4): 534-544, oct.-nov. 2010.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS, CUMED | ID: lil-585175

ABSTRACT

Se realizó un estudio de casos y controles en pacientes ingresados con diagnóstico clínico de enfermedad cerebrovascular aguda en los municipios Escuque, Valera y Sábana Libre, del Estado de Trujillo, en la República Bolivariana de Venezuela, desde el 1ro de enero del 2003 al 31 de diciembre del 2004, con el objetivo de identificar los factores de riesgo para la ocurrencia de esta entidad nosológica. La muestra fue seleccionada de forma aleatoria y estuvo integrada por 140 casos y 140 controles. Se investigaron las siguientes variables: edad, sexo, antecedentes de enfermedad cerebrovascular, hábitos tóxicos, cardiopatías, hipertensión arterial, diabetes mellitus y obesidad. Se creó base de datos en SPSS 11.1. Se midió la fuerza de la asociación con el Odds Ratio y se realizó análisis de regresión logística. En el análisis univariado todos los factores constituyeron riesgo para la aparición de enfermedad cerebrovascular aguda, mientras que el análisis multivariado, mostró que el factor con independencia más importante fue la hipercolesterolemia al elevar a siete veces el riesgo de aparición de la enfermedad cerebrovascular aguda (OR: 7,19; IC: 3,075-16,837; p: 0,000), le continuó la hipertensión arterial (OR: 4,23; IC: 1,978-9,064; p: 0,000) seguido de la diabetes mellitus (OR: 3,19; IC: 1,139-8,98; p: 0,027) y finalmente el antecedente de cardiopatía (OR: 1,90; IC: 1,413-1,978; p: 0,031). Se concluye que con los valores obtenidos por el ajuste de la función de regresión logística para los factores de influencia independiente riesgo de aparición de esta enfermedad, se podrá estimar el riesgo de sufrirla


A case-control study was carried out in patients admitted with a clinical diagnosis of acute cerebrovascular disease in the municipalities of Escuque, Valera and Sábana Libre, State of Trujillo, Venezuela, from January 1st, 2003 to December 31st, 2004, with the objective of identifying risk factors for the occurrence of this condition. The sample was selected at random and included 140 cases and 140 controls. The variables studied were age, sex, past history of cerebrovascular disease, toxic habits, heart disease, arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus and obesity. A data base was created in SPSS 11.1. Variable associations were measured using odds ratio and a logistic regression analysis was performed. An univariate analysis showed that the factors studied were risk factors for the occurrence of acute cerebrovascular disease, while a multivariate analysis demonstrated that the most important independent factor was hypercholesterolemia with a sevenfold risk of occurrence of the condition (OR: 7,19; CI: 3,075-16,837; p: 0,000), followed by arterial hypertension (OR: 4,23; CI: 1,978-9,064; p: 0,000), diabetes mellitus (OR: 3,19; CI: 1,139-8,98; p: 0,027), and finally past history of heart disease (OR: 1,90; CI: 1,413-1,978; p: 0,031). It was concluded that the values obtained by adjustment of the logistic regression function for independent risk factors allow to estimate the risk of suffering from this disease

19.
ROBRAC ; 19(50)jul.-set. 2010. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-564359

ABSTRACT

A equipe odontológica está sujeita a condições que favorecemexposições ocupacionais a material biológico tais como aatuação na cavidade bucal - ambiente de pequenas dimensões,difícil acesso e colonizado por diversos microrganismos - e ouso de instrumentos perfurocortantes e equipamentos rotatóriosgeradores de respingos e aerossóis. Neste contexto, o objetivodeste trabalho foi identificar o perfil epidemiológico dos acidentesenvolvendo material biológico notificados na instituição.Foi delineado um estudo descritivo transversal considerandoas fichas (n=71) de registro de acidentes com material biológicoocorridos na instituição no período de março de 2002 a julhode 2008. Dentre os acidentes notificados, 91,6% ocorreram emestudantes, 4,2% em técnicos administrativos, 2,8% em professorese 1,4% em estagiários, sendo 64,8% dos acidentados dosexo feminino. Considerando que 31 notificações permaneceramcom dados incompletos, os demais acidentes (n=40) apresentaramo seguinte perfil: Exposição percutânea (34/85,0%) erespingos em mucosas (6/15,0%); A Área corporal mais atingidaforam as mãos (32/80,0%), e mucosas (6/15,0%); o materialbiológico envolvido foi o sangue e saliva (17/42,5%) e saliva(5/12,5%); houve prevalência do reencape (9/22,5%) e manuseio(7/17,5%) de agulha anestésica e da execução de procedimentoscirúrgicos (6/15,0%); A fonte era conhecida em 75,0% (n=30)dos acidentes. O uso de todos os equipamentos de proteção individualfoi apontado por 75,0% (n=30) dos respondentes e acobertura vacinal contra hepatite B por 95,0% (n=38), sendo que92,1% possuíam esquema vacinal completo e 50,0% conheciame eram respondedores ao Anti HBs. Conclui-se que o risco biológicoé iminente para a equipe odontológica e que é necessárioestabelecer um programa de educação permanente focado emestratégias de educação e prevenção de acidentes com materialbiológico e na sensibilização deste público quanto à importânciada notificação de acidentes, além de aperfeiçoar o sistema deregistro da CCIO.


The dental team is subject to conditions that foster occupationalexposure to biological material such as the performance inthe oral cavity - environment of small, difficult access and colonizedby various microorganisms - and the use of professionaltools and equipment rotary-generating sneezing and aerosols.In this context, the objective was to identify the epidemiologicalprofile of accidents involving biological material institution reported.A descriptive study was outlined considering the sheetscross (n= 71) for registration of accidents with biological materialoccurring in the institution during the period from March 2002to July 2008. Among the accidents, 91.6% occurred in students,4.2% in technical, administrative, 2.8% and 1.4% in teachers intrainees, with 64.8% of the injured were female. Consideringthat 31 notices remained with incomplete data, other accidents(n=40) showed the following: percutaneous exposure (34/85.0%)and sneezing in mucous (6 /15.0%); The body area most affectedwere the hands (32/80.0%), and as mucous (6/15.0%); thebiological material involved: there was the prevalence of bloodand saliva (17/42.5.0%), followed by saliva (5 /12.5%) and blood(3/7.5%), 4. Location of accident: there was a prevalence of reencape(9/22.5%) and handling (7/17.5%) of anesthetic needle andimplementation of surgical procedures (6/15.0%); 5. Situation ofthe patient source: source known in 75.0% (n=30) of accidents.The use of all equipment for individual protection was reportedby 75.0% (n=30) of respondents and immunization coverageagainst hepatitis B by 95.0% (n=38), and 92.1% had full immunizationschedule and 50.0% knew and were responsive to antiHBs. It was concluded that the biological risk is imminent forthe dental team and it is necessary to establish a program of continuingeducation focused on strategies for education and preventionof accidents with biological material and in this publicawareness about the importance of the notification of accidents,and improve the system of registration of CCIO.

20.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 104(supl.1): 252-258, July 2009. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-520886

ABSTRACT

The pathogenesis of Chagas disease cardiomyopathy (CCC) is not well understood. Since studies show that myocarditis is more frequent during the advanced stages of the disease, and the prognosis of CCC is worse than that of other dilated cardiomyopathies of non-inflammatory aetiology, which suggest that the inflammatory infiltrate plays a major role in myocardial damage. In the last decade, increasing evidence has shown that inflammatory cytokines and chemokines play a role in the generation of the inflammatory infiltrate and tissue damage. CCC patients have an increased peripheral production of the inflammatory Th1 cytokines IFN-³ and TNF-± when compared to patients with the asymptomatic/indeterminate form. Moreover, Th1-T cells are the main producers of IFN-³ and TNF-± and are frequently found in CCC myocardial inflammatory infiltrate. Over the past several years, our group has collected evidence that shows several cytokines and chemokines produced in the CCC myocardium may also have a non-immunological pathogenic effect via modulation of gene and protein expression in cardiomyocytes and other myocardial cell types. Furthermore, genetic polymorphisms of cytokine, chemokine and innate immune response genes have been associated with disease progression. We will review the molecular and immunological mechanisms of myocardial damage in human CCC in light of recent findings.


Subject(s)
Humans , Chagas Cardiomyopathy/immunology , Chemokines/immunology , Cytokines/immunology , Acute Disease , Chronic Disease , Chemokines/genetics , Cytokines/genetics , Disease Progression , Interferon-gamma/genetics , Interferon-gamma/immunology , Polymorphism, Genetic , Th1 Cells/immunology , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/genetics , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/immunology
SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL