Acute Pancreatitis Induced by Moringa Oleifera in a 48 years Old Korean Women: A Case Report

Moringa oleifera (Moringa) induced acute pancreatitis is an unreported cause of acute pancreatitis. A 48-year-old female who took Moringa for one week complained of abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. Her symptoms and biochemical studies showed close accordance with acute pancreatitis. We found no other cause of acute pancreatitis except Moringa. After cessation of Moringa, her symptoms improved and biochemical studies normalized. One month later, she developed recurrent acute pancreatitis after taking Moringa. Thus we thought that Moringa was the cause of acute pancreatitis. No case of acute pancreatitis associated with Moringa has been reported, therefore we report this case.

Left Ventricular Pacing after Mitral, Tricuspid Valve Replacement without Interruption of Anticoagulation

Pacemaker implantation for patients with mechanical tricuspid valve is quite challengeable because lead insertion through prosthetic tricuspid valve may cause valve dysfunction or lead impingement. Also complications due to interrupt of anticoagulation should be considered. A 65 years old woman received AAI (atrium paced, atrium sensed, inhibited) pacemaker for sick sinus syndrome and mechanical mitral valve replacement for severe mitral steno-insufficiency at the same time 16 years before. She needed to undergo mechanical tricuspid valve replacement (TVR) because of severe tricuspid regurgitation despite of medical therapy. Complete atrioventricular block developed during the TVR operation and it was not recovered even after several days of temporary pacing. We decided left ventricular pacing through coronary sinus because ventricular lead could not pass mechanical tricuspid or mitral valve and also planned to continue oral anticoagulation therapy. We could find a place where high pacing output did not pace phrenic nerve with acceptable sensing, pacing threshold. The patient recovered well without any periprocedural complications. Left ventriclcular pacing lead implantation through coronary sinus without interruption of anticoagulation can be an alternative to epicardial pacing for patients with mechanical tricuspid valve.

Acute Pancreatitis Associated with Pegylated Interferon alpha-2b and Ribavirin Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis C

Acute pancreatitis is an uncommon side effect of pegylated interferon (PEG-IFN) alpha-2b and ribavirin (RBV) combination therapy. In South Korea, There is a no report of acute pancreatitis associated PEG-IFN alpha-2b plus RBV combination therapy. Here, acute pancreatitis associated with PEG-IFN alpha-2b plus RBV treatment is described in two patients with chronic hepatitis C. We started on weekly subcutaneous injection of PEG-IFN alpha-2b plus daily RBV. During this therapy, acute pancreatitis occurred in these patients without other causes of acute pancreatitis. We thought that the cause of acute pancreatitis in these patients was PEG-IFN alpha-2b and RBV. We stopped the treatment of PEG-IFN alpha-2b and RBV, and patients were improved.

New quantitative measuring technique for microleakage of the restored tooth through 3D reconstruction / 대한치과보존학회지

Established microleakage tests have their own disadvantages. In this study, 3D reconstruction method was tried to overcome these disadvantages. Four types of microleakage tests were used and relationships among them were estimated: penetrated dye volume; marginal adaptability; degree of dye penetration and relative penetrated length to cavity wall. Twenty-four Class V cavities were bulk filled with composite (Esthet X) following surface treatments: N group (no treatment); E group (etching only); T group (etching + Prime & Bond NT). 50% silver nitrate was used as a dye solution after thermocycling (5degrees C & 55degrees C, 1,000 times). Teeth were serially ground with a thickness of 0.2 mm. Volume of dye penetration was estimated from a three-dimensionally reconstructed image with a software (3D-DOCTOR). Percentage of margin without gap was estimated from SEM and degree of dye penetration and the relative length of dye penetration to overall cavity wall were also estimated. ANOVA and Scheffe test for dye volume, Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney test for marginal quality, Spearman's rho test for checking of relationships among methods were used. The results were as follows: 1. Dye penetration could be seen from several directions, furthermore, its volumetric estimation was possible. 2. Reverse relationship was found between dye volume and marginal quality (r = -0.881 / p = 0.004). 3. Very low relationship was seen between dye volume and two-dimensional tests (degree of dye penetration and relative length). However, 2D evaluation methods showed high relationship (p = 0.002-0.054) each other. 4. Three times vertical section could be recommended as a 2D test.

Severe Chronic Active EBV Infection in an Adult Patient: Case Report

Severe chronic active Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection is a rare and life-threatening illness. Although the criteria for diagnosis include chronic or recurrent infectious mononucleosis-like symptoms lasting more than 6 months and high titers of anti-EBV antibodies, clinical and laboratory findings may be heterogeneous and flexible application of those criteria is necessary in cases showing typical clinical and pathologic findings. We report a case of severe chronic active EBV infection in a 62-yr-old female patient who showed classical clinical findings with infiltration of EBV-infected T lymphocytes in the bone marrow, spleen, and lymph nodes, and died four months after presentation.

Microhardness and microleakage of composite resin cured by visible light with various band of wavelength / 대한치과보존학회지

Several ways of curing are being tried to improve material's properties and reduce marginal gap. However, all are considering about the pattern of light intensity. It was noted from the preliminary study the change of light wavelength from filter changing may give an impact on material's property and microleakage. The object of this study was to verify the effect of filters with various wavelength width on the microhardness and microleakage of composite resin; hybrid type of DenFil and submicron hybrid type of Esthet X. Composite resins were cured using 3 kinds of filter; narrow-banded(465-475 nm), mid-banded(430-470 nm), wide-banded(400-500 nm). After the estimation of microhardness, degree of dye penetration and the maximum gap from SEM evaluation were done between 4 groups that showed no difference in microhardness value of the lower surface. The results were as follows: 1. Adequate microhardness could not be gained with a narrow-banded filter irrespective of curing time. At the upper surface, DenFil should be polymerized with middle or wide-banded filter for 20 seconds at least, while Esthet X be cured with middle or wide-banded filter for 30 seconds at least to get similar hardness value to control group. 2. There was little dye penetration in enamel margin, but all dentin margins showed much more dye penetration irrespective of curing conditions. Although there was no statistical difference, groups cured with mid-banded filter for 40 seconds and with wide-width filter for 20 seconds showed relatively less dye penetration. 3. It was revealed from the SEM examination that group cured with wide-banded filter had the smallest gap without statistical significance. Spearman's rho test showed that the correlation between the results of dye penetration and SEM examination was very low. From these results, it could be concluded that curing with wide-width filter would be better than the other techniques, even though the curing technique using mid-width filter seems to have its own unique advantage.