The acromial morphology of Thais in relation to gender and age: study in scapular dried bone.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of the present study was to determine the acromial shape and examine if there is a correlation between the acromial morphology and genders, ages and sides. MATERIAL AND METHOD: The present examined 154 dried Thai scapulas (107 males and 47 females) with age range from 16 to 87years (mean = 49 + 17 years). The acromial morphology of each scapula was studied by the computerized image analysis of digitized photography through the supraspinatous outlet view, with the distance (M) measured from its anterior to posterior end, the height (H) of the resultant curve and the distance (N) from the anterior end to the point perpendicular to the height. The acromial types were defined as type I (flat), II (curved) and III (hooked) with the criteria that N is more than or equal to the 2/3, 1/3 and less than 1/3 of M, respectively. RESULTS: The incidences of types I, II and III were 3.2%, 93.5% and 3.2%, respectively. It was found in both sexes, female (93.6%) and male (93.5%) and in both sides, left (96%) and right (91.1%). With respect to the age range, type II were found in 100% of subjects of less than 30 years, 4.5% in those between 30-60 years, were 4.5% (1), 93.2% (1), 2.3% (111). Those more than 60 years old were 2.3 %(1), 90.7% (11) and 7.0% (III). The spur formation on the anterior end of the acromion was found in 14.9% of scapulas, curved type mostly; and it was associated with hooked type in only one scapula. CONCLUSION: There was no significant type difference between sex, side and age range (p > 0. 05). The spurs found are not related to acromial morphology and old age.

Three small muscles of the proximal radio-ulnar joint in Thais.

A post-mortem study on the frequency of occurrence of the muscles of the annular ligament of the radius was carried out on 68 male and 74 female Thais, 144 elbows. The age of those studied ranged from 16 to 98 years. Three small muscles of the proximal radio-ulnar joint, the medial tensor muscle of the annular ligament of the radius, the lateral tensor muscle of the annular ligament of the radius and accessory supinator muscle were found in 89 cases (61.8%), 66 cases (45.8%) and three cases (2%), respectively. Lateral tensor muscle of the annular ligament of the radius was commonly found on the right side of males more than on the left side, and on the right side of females (p < 0.05).

The mongolian spot in Thai children.

A study on the prevalence and location of the Mongolian spot in 954 Thai children (491 males and 463 females) within one month of birth was undertaken at Siriraj Hospital, between 1982-1984. Mongolian spot was found in 882 cases (92.5%), 452 males and 430 females, usually in the sacrococcygeal (92.7%) and gluteal (94.7%) regions. Most of the spots were found in both regions. The size of the bluish-green Mongolian spot varied greatly.

Variable patterns and size of the palmaris longus muscles in Thais.

A study on size and variation of the palmaris longus muscle was performed upon 56 Thai cadavers, 37 males and 19 females. Size of this muscle, both fleshy and tendinous portions, was measured in the length, the with and thickness. No significant difference was found in all parameters between the male and the female. There was also no significant difference between the right and left sides in the male and the female as well. The absence of the palmaris longus was observed in only one case, on the eight side. Exclusive of agenesis, other types of variation were found also. They were duplication of the muscle, absence of the fleshy portion, presence of accessory slips and the digastric type.