ABSTRACT
Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is an autoimmune disease that is generally preceded by an infection. Its typical symptoms are progressive symmetric paresis and an absence of deep tendon reflexes. GBS could be a life-threatening condition due to the paralysis of respiratory muscles, and admission to the intensive care unit should be considered for close monitoring. Intravenous immunoglobulin can improve the course of the disease. Postoperative GBS is most likely to occur after gastrointestinal, cardiac, thoracic, neurological, or orthopedic surgery, as well as surgery in the female reproductive tract. The duration of surgery, age, infectious diseases, preexisting autoimmune diseases, and malignant diseases are associated with postoperative GBS. Patients with these factors have a higher risk of postoperative GBS and therefore require precautions to be taken after surgery. We report a case of 53-year-old woman who had experienced GBS after Nasal surgery preceded by gastrointestinal infection and treated by intravenous immunoglobulin.
ABSTRACT
Primary sinusoidal non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) is a very rare disease. The main symptoms of sinusoidal NHL are rhinorrhea, nasal obstruction, and post-nasal drip. Symptoms such as eye protrusion, diplopia, trismus, and periorbital pain can also occur. Epiphora is a very rare symptom of sinusoidal NHL, which can lead to a misdiagnosis of dacryocystitis or dacryostenosis. The authors report the case of a 46-year-old female patient who visited hospital for symptoms of epiphora, which did not improve even after 3 months of eye treatment, leading to a final diagnosis of maxillary NHL.
ABSTRACT
Meningioma is one of the most common tumors of the central nervous system. However, primary extra cranial meningioma is rare as it consists 1%-2% of meningioma. It is very rare in paranasal sinus and accounts for about 0.1% of the paranasal sinus tumor. The treatment of choice is complete surgical excision of the tumor. Herein, with a review of the literature, we report a rare case of primary extra cranial meningioma in a 38-year-old male.
ABSTRACT
Small cell carcinoma (SmCC) is a type of neuroendocrine tumor commonly originating in the lung, with only about 2-4% of cases arising at extrapulmonary sites. Extrapulmonary SmCC of the head and neck has a poor prognosis and a high rate of distant metastasis. The paranasal sinus is a rare location for extrapulmonary SmCC and only a few related papers have been published to date. We report a rare case of SmCC originating from the sphenoid sinus in a patient with a recurrent pituitary tumor with a literature review.
ABSTRACT
Small cell carcinoma (SmCC) is a type of neuroendocrine tumor commonly originating in the lung, with only about 2-4% of cases arising at extrapulmonary sites. Extrapulmonary SmCC of the head and neck has a poor prognosis and a high rate of distant metastasis. The paranasal sinus is a rare location for extrapulmonary SmCC and only a few related papers have been published to date. We report a rare case of SmCC originating from the sphenoid sinus in a patient with a recurrent pituitary tumor with a literature review.
ABSTRACT
Hamartoma is a benign congenital tumor made of an abnormal mixture of normal tissues. It is a kind of developmental anomaly, in which the tissues are arranged with an excess growth of one or more of its components. Hamartoma is usually found in the lung, hypothalamus, and colon, but very rarely found in the head and neck areas. Symptoms are caused by the tumor tissue pressing against other tissues or organs. Surgical removal is the treatment modality of choice for hamartomas causing symptoms. The aplasia of unilateral internal carotid artery (ICA) is a rare congenital anomaly. ICA aplasia can cause structural change of the middle ear space. A 5 year-old female patient was presented with large hamartoma in the middle ear and the aplasia of the ipsilateral ICA. The mass was successfully removed without any complications. Authors report this case with a brief literature review.
ABSTRACT
Background and Objectives@#Olfaction plays an important role on sensing and discriminating smell and taste. The number of patients visiting outpatient department for treatment of olfactory dysfunction is increasing along with the change in patients’ perception about the importance of olfactory function.Subjects and Method Patients with olfactory dysfunction, who visited the hospital from 2010 to 2018, were included in this study. The medical records were reviewed focusing on the Korean Version of Sniffin’ Stick, the CT finding of olfactory cleft or signs of sinusitis, and the effect of oral steroids. Postviral olfactory disorder (PVOD) patients and chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) patients were treated by oral steroid, starting on prednisolon (Solondo Tab®, YuHan Corp.; 40 mg per day) and tapered for 2 weeks. @*Results@#There were 13 cases where patients’ sense of smell was improved only for a short period of time after taking steroids but worsened thereafter. They showed improvement of olfactory function every time they took steroids. We defined this group as “steroid dependent olfactory dysfunction.” @*Conclusion@#It is necessary to understand the physiology and molecular biologic mechanisms behind the causes of olfactory dysfunction in order to establish the diagnostic criteria and treatment strategy. Steroid dependent olfactory dysfunction also needs more investigation.
ABSTRACT
Background and Objectives@#For maxillary sinus diseases, it is not easily determined whether it is of the sinus or dental origin as the root of a tooth is located in the maxillary sinus; hence the need to find the pathologic origin for better clinical results. The purpose of this study was to define the characteristics of patients who had needed to consult both a dentist and an otolaryngologist with respect to the diagnosis and management.Subjects and Method Thirty-one patients who visited the department of dentistry and ENT between 2014 and 2018 were included in the study. Patients with dental implant sinusitis were excluded. We restrospectively reviewed the medical records for chief complaints, assessment, diagnose, treatment, and prognosis of the patients. @*Results@#Of 31 patients, 13 patients were diagnosed with odontogenic rhinosinusitis (ORS), 5 with postoperative cheek cyst (POCC), 2 with radicular cyst without ORS, 7 with sinusitis, and 4 with other diseases. Thirteen patients underwent combined operation and 5 at each department. Follow-up periods was about 6.5 months. There was no disease recurrence except one patients with POCC. @*Conclusion@#There needs to be an active consultation with the dentistry department in case of unilateral sinusitis and past history of dental treatment temporally or when patients show positive findings in CT.
ABSTRACT
Nasal polyps are inflammatory lesions of sinonasal tissue that are associated with chronic rhinosinusitis, allergic reaction, and other diseases. Although it is the most common cause of nasal polyps, chronic inflammation of the nasal cavity is not common in children. When nasal polyps are found in childhood, it is important to investigate the cause, such as immunodeficiency disease, cystic fibrosis, primary ciliary dyskinesia, and other syndromes such as Woakes’ syndrome. We report a child who presented with nasal polyps combined with bronchiectasis with a review of related literature.
ABSTRACT
Aspergillosis or actinomycosis is a very rare disease of paranasal sinuses. It is an infectious bacterial disease caused by actinomyces species, which is a gram-positive, anaerobic bacillus. Although actinomyces species are part of the normal flora commensal in the oral cavity or GI tract, they, in rare cases, they can invade the mucosa and form a fistula or an abscess once the mucous membrane is damaged by inflammation or trauma. Aspergillosis is a fungal infection, and the frequency of its outbreaks has been increasing because diagnostic techniques have been improved, and the use of antibiotic, steroid and anticancer medicines have increased as well as the growth of incidence of metabolic diseases. The diagnosis of Aspergillosis is to be confirmed by pathologic findings after surgery. Sulfur granules are histologically observed for actinomycosis, and 45° branched hyphae are to be found for Aspergillosis. This describes the first case reported in Korea where actinomycosis and Aspergillosis was diagnosed separately at each side of maxillary sinuses.