ABSTRACT
Aims: This study aimed to assess the in vitro antibacterial effects of extracts from four wild food fruits: Balanites aegyptiaca, Saba senegalensis, Ziziphus mauritiana, and Raphia sudanica. Place and Duration of Study: The samples of plant material were collected at Banamba and Sikasso, Mali between January and May 2018. The bacterial strains were collected at Research Centre for Biological Food and Nutritional Sciences (CRSBAN), University Professor Joseph Ki-Zerbo; Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. The experimental parts were also carried out at CRSBAN from October 2019 to January 2020. Methodology: The fruit extracts were screened for antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, S. aureus, B. cereus, and L. monocytogenes strains. The diameters of the inhibition zones (ID), the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) as well as the minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC) were evaluated using agar diffusion method. Results: The findings revealed that these parameters have varied as a function of fruit species and/or their zones of provenances. All fruit extracts showed significant growth reducing effect against all the tested bacteria. The extracts from R. sudanica have exhibited the strongest growth-inhibiting activity specifically against E. coli (ID = 15.33±0.58 mm) and Salmonella typhi (ID = 18.00±1.00 mm) with lower MIC (from 2.08±1.44 to 5.83±1.44 mg/mL). Moreover, the MBC/MIC ratios revealed that the extracts from the studied fruits possess mainly bacteriostatic effects towards the tested strains. Conclusion: These findings support local therapeutics properties attributed to these fruits. They also demonstrate that, in addition to their nutritional values, these edible fruits could be used for developing antibiotics to treat infectious diseases and food poisoning.
ABSTRACT
"Notre etude sur le traitement traditionnel de l'hypertension a porte sur la recette Nitrokoudang a base de Sclerocarya birrea et Vitex doniana. L'etude phytochimique par les reactions de caracterisation en tube et la chromatographie sur couche mince a permis de mettre en evidence des tanins; des flavonoides; des leucoanthocyanes; des oses et holosides. L'infuse a presente un grand nombre de substances anti-radical 1;1'diphenyl-2 picryhydrazyle (DPPH); ce qui presage un potentiel antioxydant de la recette; ceci est important dans la prise en charge de l'hypertension arterielle. Les extraits aqueux de la recette ont presente une activite diuretique dose dependante. L'infuse extemporane; prepare selon les indications du tradipraticien de sante; a presente le meilleur effet diuretique avec une excretion urinaire volumetrique de 170; le Furosemide a la dose de 20mg/kg; a presente 184. Chez les animaux traites par la recette; l'elimination du sodium a ete importante et le potassium a ete epargne. L'activite salidiuretique de l'infuse extemporanee a ete de 2 contre 2;62 pour le Furosemide et de 0;90 chez les souris traitees avec l'eau distillee. Ces proprietes de la recette ""Nitrokoudang"" justifient son utilisation dans la prise en charge de l'hypertension arterielle."