ABSTRACT
A contaminação do sêmen canino pode ser causada pela micção durante a ejaculação, ou quando o sêmen flui diretamente para a bexiga, que são problemas comuns durante a eletroejaculação para a criopreservação. Os efeitos que a urina causa ao processo de criopreservação, entretanto, não estão completamente entendidos. O presente estudo determinou a resistência do sêmen a diferentes níveis de contaminação por urina após 24h de resfriamento. As amostras de sêmen obtidas de 10 cães foram incubadas em soluções de Ringer, e em diferentes concentrações de urina (0,3,6,13,25,50 e 100%), a 37°C, por 20 min. As amostras foram centrifugadas e os espermatozoides decantados foram ressuspendidos, e resfriados a 5°C por 24h em diluidor a base de leite. A qualidade das amostras de sêmen contaminado por urina diferiu do controle apenas após a exposição de soluções com concentração superior a 13% de urina. Após o resfriamento, apenas os espermatozoides incubados com soluções de urina superiores a 25% exibiram menor atividade que as incubadas na solução simples de Ringer. Em conclusão, o sêmen canino resiste à contaminação com até 13% de urina durante 20 minutos e a motilidade das amostras contaminadas com até 25% recuperam-se de forma semelhante às amostras não contaminadas, se resfriadas a 5°C durante 24 h em um diluidor à base de leite.
Contamination of canine semen with urine, caused by urination during ejaculation or semenflowinto theurinary bladder,is a common problem of sperm collected by electroejaculation for cryopreservation. The effects of urine on sperm cryopreservation, however, are not fully understood. The present study determined the acceptable upper level of contamination with urine for canine semen preservation after 24-h cooling. Semen samples obtained from 10 dogs were incubated with Ringer's solution and different urine concentrations (0, 3, 6, 13, 25 50% and 100%) at 37°C for 20 min. The samples were centrifuged and the decanted sperm resuspended and cooled to 5°C for up to 24 h in a milk-based semen extender. The quality of the contaminated semen samples only differed from that of the control treatment after exposure to urine concentrations above 13%. After cooling, only sperm incubated with urine solutions above 25% exhibited lower activity than those incubated in simple Ringer's solution. In conclusion, canine semen resists contamination with up to 13% urine for 20 min, and the motility of samples contaminated with up to 25% recovers similarly to that of uncontaminated samples if cooled at 5°C for 24 h in a milk-based extender.
Subject(s)
Animals , Urination , Cryopreservation , Environmental PollutionABSTRACT
A contaminação do sêmen canino pode ser causada pela micção durante a ejaculação, ou quando o sêmen flui diretamente para a bexiga, que são problemas comuns durante a eletroejaculação para a criopreservação. Os efeitos que a urina causa ao processo de criopreservação, entretanto, não estão completamente entendidos. O presente estudo determinou a resistência do sêmen a diferentes níveis de contaminação por urina após 24h de resfriamento. As amostras de sêmen obtidas de 10 cães foram incubadas em soluções de Ringer, e em diferentes concentrações de urina (0,3,6,13,25,50 e 100%), a 37°C, por 20 min. As amostras foram centrifugadas e os espermatozoides decantados foram ressuspendidos, e resfriados a 5°C por 24h em diluidor a base de leite. A qualidade das amostras de sêmen contaminado por urina diferiu do controle apenas após a exposição de soluções com concentração superior a 13% de urina. Após o resfriamento, apenas os espermatozoides incubados com soluções de urina superiores a 25% exibiram menor atividade que as incubadas na solução simples de Ringer. Em conclusão, o sêmen canino resiste à contaminação com até 13% de urina durante 20 minutos e a motilidade das amostras contaminadas com até 25% recuperam-se de forma semelhante às amostras não contaminadas, se resfriadas a 5°C durante 24 h em um diluidor à base de leite.
Contamination of canine semen with urine, caused by urination during ejaculation or semen flow into the urinary bladder, is a common problem of sperm collected by electroejaculation for cryopreservation. The effects of urine on sperm cryopreservation, however, are not fully understood. The present study determined the acceptable upper level of contamination with urine for canine semen preservation after 24-h cooling. Semen samples obtained from 10 dogs were incubated with Ringer's solution and different urine concentrations (0, 3, 6, 13, 25 50% and 100%) at 37°C for 20 min. The samples were centrifuged and the decanted sperm resuspended and cooled to 5°C for up to 24 h in a milk-based semen extender. The quality of the contaminated semen samples only differed from that of the control treatment after exposure to urine concentrations above 13%. After cooling, only sperm incubated with urine solutions above 25% exhibited lower activity than those incubated in simple Ringer's solution. In conclusion, canine semen resists contamination with up to 13% urine for 20 min, and the motility of samples contaminated with up to 25% recovers similarly to that of uncontaminated samples if cooled at 5°C for 24 h in a milk-based extender.
Subject(s)
Dogs , Reproduction , Semen , DogsABSTRACT
Both the study of Brazilian wild mammal fauna and the conditions that foster the preservation of endangered species, such as Brazilian Maned-wolf (Chrysocyon brachyurus), in wild life are of extreme importance. In order to study the resistance profile of microbiota bacterial colonizing Brazilian Maned-wolf, this work investigated samples from eight male captive and free roaming animals originating from different Brazilian geographical regions. Samples for microbiological purposes were collected with swabs and kept in appropriate transport medium. Using routine microbiological techniques, the isolated bacteria were tested toward antimicrobial drugs by the agar disk diffusion method. Results showed that all samples from wild animals were sensitive toward all drugs tested. Conversely, the resistance profile of bacteria isolated from captive animals varied among strains and animal body site location. Escherichia coli samples from prepuce, anus and ear showed multi-resistance toward at least four drugs, especially against erythromycin and tetracycline, followed by Proteus mirabilis and P. vulgaris strains isolated from anus and ear. Among Gram-positive bacteria, strains of coagulase-negative staphylococci showed multi-resistance mainly toward erythromycin and amoxicillin. The work discusses these findings and suggests that profile of multi-resistance bacteria from captive subjects may be attributed to direct contact with human or through lifestyle factors such as feeding, predation or contact of animals with urban animals such as birds, rodents, and insects from surrounding environments.