Autopercepção de idosos de Teresina-PI sobre saúde bucal e fatores associados / Self-perception of oral health by elderly and associated factors in Teresina-PI

Objetivo: Avaliar a autopercepção da saúde bucal, associando-a a variáveis socioeconômicas, clínicas e comportamentais. Material e Métodos: Este estudo de natureza transversal avaliou uma amostra de 425 idosos de 60 anos, de Teresina-PI. O exame intrabucal foi realizado pelo índice de ataque de cárie (CPO-D), índice periodontal e uso e necessidade de prótese. O índice de saúde bucal geriátrica (GOHAI) foi avaliado por meio de entrevista, cujos dados referentes foram apresentados de forma descritiva e posteriormente dicotomizados em baixa percepção (somatório dos escores < 32) e alta percepção (somatório dos escores ≥ 32). Foram feitas análises univariadas por meio do teste de qui-quadrado para se avaliar a associação entre o perfil do idoso, CPO-D, índice periodontal e uso e necessidade de prótese (variáveis de exposição) e o índice GOHAI (variável de desfecho). As variáveis que apresentaram nível de significância menor que 0,2 foram estudadas na análise de regressão logística múltipla com procedimento stepwise, a fim de identificar os fatores associados à baixa percepção. Resultados: O CPO-D foi de 29,3 ± 4,4 (média / ± dp). Em relação à doença periodontal, 14,2% dos dentes eram hígidos, 23,5% com sangramento e 7,0% com bolsa periodontal. Quanto ao uso de prótese, 73,4% e 47,5% dos idosos pesquisados usam-na na região superior e inferior, respectivamente; e 25,0% e 51,0% necessitam de prótese na região superior e inferior, respectivamente. Os idosos com renda menor ou igual a um salário mínimo apresentaram 2,19 (IC: 1,30-3,69) vezes mais chance de apresentar baixa percepção de saúde bucal. Aqueles que ingerem diariamente medicamentos têm 1,90 (IC: 1,10-2,87) vezes mais chance de apresentar baixa percepção de saúde bucal e os que não necessitam de próteses dentárias inferiores têm 1,88 (IC: 0,35-1,09) vezes mais chance de apresentar baixa percepção de saúde bucal que os idosos que necessitam de próteses totais. Conclusão: A autopercepção da saúde bucal pelos idosos de Teresina-PI, participantes deste estudo, foi positiva. No entanto, possuir renda mensal menor que um salário mínimo, ingerir diariamente medicamentos e necessitar de próteses totais inferiores são fatores associados a uma baixa percepção desses sujeitos em relação à sua saúde bucal.(AU)

Aim: To assess self-perceived oral health and its association with socioeconomic, clinical, and behavioral variables. Methods: This cross-sectional study evaluated 425 elderly patients (60 years of age) from Teresina, PI, Brazil. The intraoral examination was performed by the caries attack rate (DMFT), the periodontal index and the need for prosthesis. The Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) was assessed through interviews. The data related to GOHAI were presented descriptively and then dichotomized into low perception (sum of scores < 32) and high perception (sum of scores ≥ 32). Univariate analyses were performed using the chi-square test to assess the association between the old profile, the DMFT, the periodontal index, the use and need for prostheses (exposure variables), and GOHAI (outcome variable). Variables with a significance level of less than 0.2 were studied in a multiple logistic regression analysis, using the "stepwise" procedure, in order to identify the factors associated with low perception. Results: The DMFT was 29.3 ± 4.4 (mean / ± SD). Regarding periodontal disease, 14.2% of the teeth were healthy, 23.5% presented bleeding, and 7.0% presented a periodontal pocket. Regarding the use of a prosthesis, 73.4% and 47.5% used it in the top and bottom regions, respectively, while 25.0% and 51.0% needed the prostheses in the upper and lower regions, respectively. Elderly patients with incomes of lower or equal to 1 minimum salary are 2.19 (CI: 1.30 to 3.69) times more likely to present a weak perception of oral health. By contrast, the elderly patients who take medications on a daily basis are 1.90 (CI: 1.10 to 2.87) times more likely to present a weak perception of oral health, while the elderly who require lower dentures are 1.88 (CI: 0.35 to 1.09) times more likely to present a weak perception of oral health than are the elderly who need to use full dentures. Conclusion: The self-perception of oral health by the elderly of Teresina, Piauí, Brazil in this study was positive; however, monthly incomes of lower than 1 minimum salary, daily intakes of medications, and the need for lower dentures are factors associated with a weak perception of oral health reported by this study's participants.(AU)

Feasibility of including trained acupuncturists in the detection of oral lesions and oral cancer screening

Abstract Aim : To demonstrate the feasibility of enabling trained acupuncturist as professionals able to detect oral lesions, with a role in the screening of oral cancer. Methods: This study was conducted in two phases. In the first, 11 acupuncturists were trained for visual detection of oral lesions and support content available on : <www.kankou.com.br>, especially developed for this study. They were evaluated at the end of training by a written exam. The inclusion criteria were to sign the consent form and to obtain a minimum of 90% of correct answers in the assessment. Four acupuncturists fulfilled both criteria and were included as study subjects. In the second phase, the subjects and the researcher (gold standard) examined 43 volunteer patients. The inclusion criterion for volunteers was just to sign the consent form. The volunteers' sample was established by saturation. Volunteers with changes deemed suspicious by the subjects were reexamined 15 days after the first examination. Results: First exam: mouth alterations were detected in 56% (n=24) of the volunteers. Among the alterations, 21% (n=5) were deemed suspicious by the subjects and 8% (n=2) by gold standard. Second exam: two mouth alterations remained suspicious and these volunteers were referred to the Dental Specialty Center for diagnosis and treatment. Compared to the gold standard, no injury remained undetected by the subjects. Conclusions: This study concluded for the feasibility of enabling trained acupuncturist to visually detect oral lesions and have a role in oral cancer screening.

Evaluation of scientific production in the field of Dentistry in Public Health from 1999 to 2009 / Avaliação da produção cientifica na área da Odontologia em Saúde Pública de 1999 a 2009

Introduction: Studies that analyze scientific production are essential to guide researchers. Aim: The purpose of this study was to analyze the profile of scientific production in the field of Dentistry in Public Health, by means of the abstracts published in the Annals of Sociedade Brasileira de Pesquisa Odontológica in the period from 1999 to 2009. Material and method: First, the reading of all the 22388 abstracts published in the annals of the Sociedade Brasileira de Pesquisa Odontológica from 1999 to 2009 was undertaken. The sample was 3061 abstract belonging to Public Health area. Result: There was growing participation of studies on Dentistry in Public Health with 113 studies having been inscribed in 1999 and 441 in 2009. There was a predominance of scientific studies in comparison with systematic reviews, meta-analyses, or case reports. In the classification of general nature of the research, 71.28% concerned studies with human beings. The greatest weight in the total number of researches with humans was in 2002, contributing with 79.79% of the total. With regard to the area of thematic domain, it was verified that studies involving Epidemiology were more frequent in all the years. When analyzing the institutional origin of studies, it was verified that in all the studied years, the public universities were responsible for the majority of scientific publications, 75.6% (n=2315). Conclusion: The studies on Dentistry in Public Health have grown significantly in the studied period of ten years. There was predominance of Epidemiological studies, and those of the in vivo and scientific research type. .

Introdução: Estudos que analizam a produção científica são fundamentais para orientar os pesquisadores. Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar o perfil da produção científica na área de Odontologia em Saúde Pública, por meio dos resumos publicados nos Anais da Sociedade Brasileira de Pesquisa Odontológica no período de 1999 a 2009. Material e método: Foram lidos 22388 resumos publicados nos anais da Sociedade Brasileira de Pesquisa Odontológica desde 1999 até 2009. A amostra foi de 3061 resumos pertencente a área da Saúde Pública. Resultado: A participação de estudos em Odontologia em Saúde Pública aumentou, com 113 estudos inscritos em 1999 e 441 em 2009. Houve predomínio de estudos científicos em comparação com revisões sistemáticas, meta-análises ou relatos de casos. Na classificação da natureza geral da pesquisa, 71,28% diziam respeito a pesquisa em seres humanos. O maior peso no número total de pesquisas com seres humanos foi no ano de 2002, contribuindo com 79,79% do total. No que diz respeito ao domínio temático, verificou-se que os estudos envolvendo Epidemiologia foram mais frequentes em todos os anos. Ao analisar a origem institucional dos estudos, verificou-se que em todos os anos estudados, as universidades públicas foram responsáveis pela maioria das publicações científicas, 75,6% (n=2315). Conclusão: Os estudos sobre Odontologia em Saúde Pública têm crescido significativamente no período estudado de dez anos. Houve predominância de estudos epidemiológicos, e as do tipo em estudos in vivo e pesquisas científicas. .