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1.
Acta amaz ; 49(3): 173-178, jul. - set. 2019.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1119025

ABSTRACT

Coffea canephora (Conilon coffee) has great economic importance for the state of Acre, in northern Brazil. The use of insecticides in this crop has increased considerably in recent years. In order to find species of green lacewing (Chrysopidae, Neuroptera) with potential for use in biological pest control in coffee plantations, we sampled green lacewings during one year in an experimental plantation of Conilon coffee in Acre, in order to assess the diversity, abundance and seasonal occurrence of Chrysopidae species. Samplings were carried out weekly using an entomological net. Overall, 1079 specimens of seven green lacewing species were collected: Ceraeochrysa cincta, Ceraeochrysa claveri, Ceraeochrysa cubana, Ceraeochrysa everes, Chrysoperla externa, Leucochrysa (Nodita) cruentata and Leucochrysa (Nodita) marquezi. Ceraeochrysa cubana was the dominant and constant species, comprising 97% of the sampled specimens and occurring in 82% of the weekly samples. The abundance and constant presence of C. cubana, which preys upon several agricultural pests and has shown resistance to various insecticides, make this species a potential candidate for future programs of biological control in Conilon coffee plantations in the southwestern Brazilian Amazon region. (AU)


Subject(s)
Pest Control, Biological , Amazonian Ecosystem , Agricultural Pests , Rubiaceae , Coffea
2.
Ciênc. rural ; 46(9): 1509-1513, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-787403

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to conduct a survey on nematodes associated with five cultivated fruit trees growing in the Agroforestry System (AFS) of the municipality of Oiapoque, Amapá, Brazil. Rhizosphere samples were collected from three points at the base of murici ( Byrsonima sp.), soursop ( Annona muricata ), cupuaçu ( Theobroma grandiflorum ), passion fruit ( Passiflora sp.) and peach palm ( Bactris gasipaes ) trees. Four species of phytonematodes were identified, namely Pratylenchus brachyurus, Helicotylenchus dihystera, Mesocriconema xenoplax and Rotylenchulus reniformis . The most prevalent and abundant species was R. reniformis , which was found in the rhizospheres of passion fruit, cupuaçu, soursop, and peach palm. The first record in Brazil of the nematode P. brachyurus , found in the roots of murici is reported here, and all of the nematode species identified here are the first records for fruit trees in the state of Amapá.


RESUMO: Este estudo teve como objetivo o levantamento de nematoides, associados a cinco fruteiras cultivadas em Sistema Agroflorestal (SAF), no município de Oiapoque, AP. Amostras da rizosfera foram coletadas em três pontos, na base de plantas de murici ( Byrsonima sp.), graviola ( Annona muricata ), cupuaçu ( Theobroma grandiflorum ), maracujá ( Passiflora sp.) e pupunha ( Bactris gasipaes ). Foram constatadas quatro espécies de fitonematoides: Pratylenchus brachyurus, Helicotylenchus dihystera, Mesocriconema xenoplax e Rotylenchulus reniformis . A espécie mais prevalente e abundante foi R . reniformis , encontrado na rizosfera de maracujá, cupuaçu, graviola e pupunha. Foi relatado o primeiro registro de P. brachyurus em raízes de muricizeiro no Brasil e todas as espécies encontradas configuram-se como primeiros registros de fitonematoides em fruteiras no estado do Amapá.

3.
Biota neotrop. (Online, Ed. port.) ; 9(4): 253-255, Oct.-Dec. 2009. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-543242

ABSTRACT

Although it is generally assumed that agriculture negatively influences amphibian populations, few studies on the effects of agricultural cultivations on neotropical anuran have been conducted. As a contribution to the knowledge about anuran in agriculture, the present study sought to identify the anuran species present in three different agrossystems. We used data from anurans captured in pitfall traps initially proposed for a survey of harvestmen fauna in three agrossystems (corn, soybean, and rubber tree). Four anuran species found in the pitfall traps belong to two Families: Leptodactylidae: Leptodactulus fuscus and L. mystacinus; and Leiuperidae: Eupemphix nattereri and Physalaemus cuvieri. In corn plantation, four species and 30 individuals were captured; in rubber trees, four species and 11 individuals; and in soybeans plantation, tree species and eight individuals. Our results show that anurans are present in agrossystems, mainly the generalist anuran species.


Embora seja geralmente assumido que a agricultura influencia negativamente populações de anfíbios, existem poucos estudos sobre os efeitos dos cultivos agrícolas em anuros neotropicais. Visando contribuir para diminuir essa lacuna de conhecimento, no presente estudo buscamos verificar quais espécies de anuros estão presentes nos agrossistemas. Para isso, usamos dados de anuros capturados em armadilhas de queda, inicialmente proposto para o levantamento da fauna de opiliões em três agrossistemas (milho, soja e seringal). Nós registramos quatro espécies de anuros nas armadilhas de queda: Leptodactulus fuscus, L. mystacinus (Leptodactylidae), Eupemphix nattereri e Physalaemus cuvieri (Leiuperidae). Na plantação de milho foram registradas quatro espécies e 30 indivíduos, no seringal quatro espécies e 11 indivíduos e na plantação de soja três espécies e oito indivíduos. Nossos resultados mostram que os anuros estão presentes nos agrossistemas, principalmente espécies de anuros generalistas.

4.
Ciênc. rural ; 39(7): 2195-2198, out. 2009. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-526776

ABSTRACT

Para estudos de seleção de linhagens de inimigos naturais provenientes do campo, de comportamento ou mesmo de taxonomia, a captura de insetos vivos é de grande importância. Uma das alternativas para obtenção de parasitoides (Hymenoptera) adultos é a utilização de armadilhas de emergência. Sendo assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi propor dois modelos de armadilhas de emergência (armadilhas do tipo "caixa" e "garrafa"), para obtenção de parasitoides vivos de ovos endofíticos. Os dois modelos de armadilhas propostas foram eficientes na captura de parasitoides vivos. Entretanto, foi observada uma maior captura de espécimes na armadilha do tipo "caixa" em relação à do tipo "garrafa", decorrente de uma maior armazenagem de folíolos no interior desta. A utilização de cada um dos modelos dependerá do tipo de pesquisa a ser realizada, do custo/benefício da sua confecção e da quantidade de parasitoides necessários para realização do estudo.


For strain selection studies of natural enemies from the field, studies of behavior or even of taxonomy, capture of alive insects are of great importance. One alternative for obtaining adult parasitoids (Hymenoptera) is the use of emergency traps. Therefore, the objective of this work was to propose two models of emergency traps (traps like "box" and "bottle"), for obtaining alive endophytic egg parasitoids. The two models proposed were efficient in the capture of alive parasitoids, however a larger capture of specimens was observed in the "box" trap in relation to the e "bottle", due to larger folioles storage inside the same. The use of each one of the models will depend on the research which is being accomplished, the cost/benefit to built it, the amount parasitoids necessary to accomplish the study.

5.
Ciênc. rural ; 39(2): 559-562, mar.-abr. 2009. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-508130

ABSTRACT

As cigarras são importantes pragas de diversas culturas, entre plantas cultivadas e ornamentais. Estudos de taxonomia e morfologia de insetos são primordiais para pesquisas etológicas e para o emprego de métodos de controle. Ao estudar coleções entomológicas de cigarras, foi constatado o primeiro registro de ocorrência de Fidicinoides picea e Fidicinoides poulaini (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) no Brasil, espécies coletadas nos Estados do Pará e de Manaus, respectivamente. Neste trabalho, são apresentadas as descrições morfológicas da cabeça, do tórax, do abdome e da asa.


The cicadas are important pests of several cultivations, since cultivated until ornamental plants. Taxonomy and morphology studies of insects are primordial in researches of behavior and for the employment of control methods. Studying entomological collections of cicadas, it was verified the first report of occurrence of Fidicinoides picea and Fidicinoides poulaini (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) in Brazil, species collected in States of Pará and Manaus and are presented, morphologic descriptions of the head, thorax, abdomen and wing.

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