ABSTRACT
Introduction: Management of chronic Hepatitis C and its complications is a major concern for physicians. Peripheral neuropathy is a disease affecting the nerves, and is one of the complications of Hepatitis C
Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of peripheral neuropathy in chronic hepatitis-C patients. Study design and duration: The type of study is a cross-sectional study, which was conducted over a period of one month from 01-11-2015 to 30-11-2015
Setting: The study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Karachi, Pakistan
Sample size and procedure: The study population consisted of a random sample group of 139 Hepatitis C positive patients who presented to the Internal Medicine Department either via out-patient clinic or via emergency. After due informed consent, variable such as demographic data and type and degree of neuropathy were recorded. All the Hepatitis-C patients who presented to us during that time were evaluated clinically, serologically and electrophysiologically. Data Analysis: Data was analyzed using SPSS version 20
Results: Out of the total study population of n= 139 patients peripheral neuropathy was present in n= 77 [55.39%] of the patient population; n= 3 [2.15%] had sensory type of neuropathy, n=13 [9.35%] had motor neuropathy and n= 61 [43.88%] had mixed type of neuropathy
Conclusion: According to the results of our study there is a significant association of peripheral neuropathy with hepatitis C in patients in South Asian population as more than hald of the participants had some form of peripheral neuropathy.
ABSTRACT
Objective: The aim of study is to assess the postoperative levels of pain in accordance with established protocols
Method: The type of study is a hospital wide survey conducted from February 2014 to April 2014, at department of surgery and associated wards, at a tertiary care hospital in Karachi Pakistan. World Health Organization pain scoring system was used as a base to develop a questionnaire to assess the level of pain. The results were correlation with various other variables involved
Results: The study was conducted on 200 patients out of whom 38% [n=76] were males having mean age of 44.16 +/- 20 and 62% [n=124] were females having mean age of 36 +/- 14.5 years. Generally patients experiences mild pain [40%], moderate [39%] severe [16%] and no pain [5%] when recorded after 24 hours postoperatively. While after 48 hours the scores recorded for the same patients were as, mild [56%], moderate to severe [34%] and in the no pain group [10%] of patients were recorded
Conclusion: It is noted that absolute pain free surgeries are not possible at the moment, but with the use of latest advancements in the field of health sciences, post-operative pain can be minimized and should be the one of the prime goals for a good surgical outcome
ABSTRACT
To study the effectiveness of intraperitoneal bupivacaine in the pain management of patients who had laparoscopic cholecystectomy, and comparison with a control group
Objectives: the purpose of the study is to find out the efficacy of intraperitoneal bupivacaine injection, for post-operative pain management in patients following laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Material and Methods: the method of study is a randomized control trial, Two groups of people were selected at random from a pool of 100 patients, each group had 50 patients each. One group did not receive intraperitoneal bupivacaine, while the other group was injected 20ml of bupivacaine [.25%] intraperitoneally, in the sub diaphragmatic space on the right side along with in the bed of the gall bladder
Results: the post-operative mean abdominal pain score using the VAS scale in both groups was calculated using at different intervals and recorded as 1.34 +/-0.43 cm in the control group and 2.54 +/- 0.26 cm in the bupivacaine group at zero hours,, 2.11 +/- 0.32 cm in control group and 2.98 +/- 0.54 cm in bupivacaine group at two hours, 2.98 +/- 1.05 cm in control group and 3.24 +/- 0.84 cm in bupivacaine group at four hours while 3.13 +/- 1.21 cm in control group and 4.59 +/- 1.32 cm in bupivacaine group at six hours were recorded. The efficacy is recorded as 36.67% in control group and 6.67% in bupivacaine group while 63.33% in control group and 93.33% in bupivacaine group
Conclusion: for postoperative pain relief in laparoscopic cholecystectomy patients, intra peritoneal bupivacaine injection is an effective method
ABSTRACT
Objective: The objective of the study is to study the procedure of endotracheal intubation; its methods between Rapid sequence intubation and crash intubation its success rates and the associated short term complications at the accident and emergency department of a government run hospital in Karachi, Pakistan
Study Design: Case series
Setting: Accident and Emergency Department of Civil Hospital Karachi
Period: 2010 to 2012
Methods: The sample size taken is of 260 patients, all of whom must be above the age of 14 years, and undergo the procedure of emergency endotracheal intubation. Rapid sequence intubation is analyzed against crash intubation using descriptive type of statistical analysis. The significance level was p<0.05
Results: From the 260 Endotracheal intubations performed, 45 [17.30%] had to be discarded on account of incomplete data. The remaining study population was 215 patients [123 males, 92 females] Rapid sequence intubation was the commonest type [n=138, 64.18%]. Head and neck injury, pulmonary edema was the common complication. Crash intubation was the second type [n= 77, 35.8%] Primary attempt success was found to be 97% [n=134] in rapid sequence intubation and 80% [n = 62] in crash Endotracheal intubations. A total of 13 complications [6.04%] were observed
Conclusion: In light of the results obtained our study shows a satisfactory success rate on using either mentioned types of intubation procedures that is either RSI or Crash Intubation