ABSTRACT
Background: With the growing trend of unhealthy behaviors in the community, the likelihood of transmission of hepatitis B virus from infected people to society is increasing. So, early detection for preventing disease progression in patients and preventing the spread to the community has an important role. The aim of this study is assessment of risk factors in patients with chronic hepatitis B referred to Labbafi nejad's Hospital hepatitis Clinic during 2012-2014
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study is done on 329 hepatitis B confirmed patients that were admitted to Labbafi nejad's Hospital hepatitis Clinic 2012-15. Information was collected by interviewing patients by researcher-made questionnaire. Variables are, all risk factors for hepatitis B, respectively. Statistical analysis was performed by SPSS version 21. Average and frequency was used for descriptive and chi-square test was used for analysis
Results: 329 persons [59% males, 41%females] with a mean age of 44/83 years. 33/7% of these individuals have been identified through routine screening. The frequency of exposure to risk factors in this study are as follows: Some groups, such as history of dentist visit [62.3%], major surgery [45.5%] and hospitalization [54.7%] had higher prevalence than other groups. There were no cases of hepatitis B in history of cosmetics and splice joint, common use of blades and razors, HCV disease in patients at the same time, Family history of HIV positive in patients and HIV disease in patients at the same time
Conclusion: It seems to be of great importance to pay more attention to certain jobs, lifestyles and cultural matters in Iran that predispose people to a number of risk factors so as to implement measures to control HBV spread. Also, given the high levels of hepatitis B infection among housewives [in this study], it seems that increased awareness and social - health education in order to avoid unprotected sexual contact with an infected partner can be highly effective. Despite existence of a long list of risk factors, different epidemiological studies with alternative methodologies accompanied by meta-analysis of risk factors in each separate area seems to be helpful in providing information about transmission
ABSTRACT
Background: Hepatitis A is a common infection during childhood, especially in developing countries. It can cause severe complications in immunocompromised patients. Due to the increasing number of kidney transplants in the country and epidemiologic shift of HAV which was observed in previous studies, we're going to evaluate the seroprevalence of hepatitis A in hemodialysis patients less than forty years serving kidney transplant candidates to follow vaccination policy for them
Materials and Methods: In a cross sectional study during 2014-2015 hepatitis A antibody levels in hemodialysis patients less than forty years in kidney transplant candidates examined in 12 hospitals in Tehran, Iran. Their serums were tested for anti HAV IgM and IgG by ELISA kits
Results: Hepatitis A virus antibody was positive in 66 [72.5%] of 91 patients. The prevalence of HAV was 0% at the range of younger than 20 and 45% in under 25 years age group. This significantly increased prevalence by increasing the age, and there was according to epidemiological shifts which were shown in other studies
Conclusion: Due to the availability of vaccine and hepatitis severe complications in immunocompromised individuals, as well as a low prevalence of positive serology in individuals under 25 years, it seems the check of antibodies in patients undergoing kidney transplantation and vaccination in seronegative persons is a logical
ABSTRACT
Background: The risk for transmission of blood-borne viruses [BBVs] such as Human immunodeficiency virus [HIV], hepatitis B virus [HBV] and hepatitis C virus [HCV] due to occupational exposure is a major concern in the health care setting
Materials and Methods: This study among 337 health care workers [HCWs] accidentally exposed to BBVs was carried out from January 2009 to March 2015. The data were reviewed in labbafinejhad hospital, Tehran, Iran
Results: 4 HCWs had exposure to HBS Ag positive, which HBS antibody titer of them was higher than 10 mlu/ml, 6 HCWs were exposed to HCV seropositive patients underwent laboratory investigations for HCV-antibody on 4,12, 24 weeks that results were negative. 3 cases had exposure to HIV seropositive patients which received standard antiretroviral post exposure prophylaxis
Conclusion: Timely performance for PEP [Post Exposure Prophylaxis] reducing BBVs transmission among HCWs