ABSTRACT
The objective of periodontal surgery is to restore periodontal health and to prevent further relapse. Traditionally scalpels were used in periodontal surgery. Recent advancements in laser have set a milestone in the field of periodontal surgery. So considering the above facts, the objective of this case series is to analyze the pre and post–operative results obtained between conventional periodontal flap surgery and diode laser assisted periodontal flap surgery. Two chronic periodontitis patients with generalized probing pocket depth of more than 7mm was selected for this clinical study. Both the patients had angular bone loss in the upper quadrant and generalized horizontal bone loss in the lower quadrant. So scalpel periodontal surgery was planned for the upper quadrant and diode- laser assisted flap surgery in the lower quadrant. Post-operative results based on clinical parameters and patient perspective were recorded. Clinically significant improvement in probing pocket depth and clinical attachment levels were observed in both the surgical sites. Patient acceptance and comfort were more in laser treated sites compared to conventional surgical sites.
ABSTRACT
The periodontal disease is initiated by microbial plaque, which accumulates in the gingival crevice & induces an inflammatory response. This inflammation leads to chronic gingivitis, which is reversible & may later progress as periodontitis, by destruction of bone & other tooth-supporting structures. Although present in most of the population, the risk for periodontal disease is not uniform for all individuals. About 10-15% of the population develops severe destruction of the periodontal structures leading to early loss of the tooth. This inflammatory response leading to periodontal destruction is assumed to have a genetic basis. It is now recognized that poor oral hygiene alone cannot account for severe destructive periodontal disease, that certain individuals are at relatively high risk of periodontal destruction and that the risk is partly under genetic control. The microbial causation of the inflammatory periodontal disease is well established. There are however other elements that influence the inflammatory and immune response both locally and systemically. These include systemic disease such as diabetes and environmental factors such as smoking and possibly stress. The effectiveness of an individual’s immune response may influence the extent of periodontal destruction. The role of genetic factors in the causation of peridontitis is worthy of in depth discussion.