ABSTRACT
Statement of the Problem: The head and neck region is an uncommon site for metastatic involvement, but it can be the first and only symptom of primary cancer. The incidence of these tumors and their primary origins are limited in Iranian patients
Purpose: Therefore, this retrospective study aimed to investigate the frequency and the common related clinical manifestations, as well as, the most common types of cancers and the prevalent sites of the primary tumor
Materials and Method: All medical records related to patients with history of head and neck tumors between 1991 and 2011 at Iran Cancer Institute were evaluated and the essential information was statistically analyzed
Results: Sixty cases of cervical lymph node metastasis [0.36%] and 26 cases of head and neck metastatic tumors [0.16%] including 17 cases of distant cancer [0.10%] were recorded among all 16232 registered cancers. Out of all distant head and neck metastatic tumors, 4 cases were related to oral and maxillofacial area. Pain, swelling of neck, oral mucosa ulcer and dryness were the chief complaints. Squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma were the most frequent types of cancers. The most common metastatic sites were cervical musculature, scalp and parotid gland, and the most prevalent sites of primary tumor in females were breast and lung in males
Conclusion: According to these cases, the incidence rate of head and neck metastatic tumors seems to be low. However, feasible similarity of clinical presentation of oral metastatic lesions to benign lesions might result in misdiagnosis. Hence, biopsy is mandatory in any case with unusual clinical presentation, especially in patients with a known malignant disease
ABSTRACT
One of the factors that can affect dental caries is the type of diet. So, this study was designed to evaluate the correlation between diet, social factors and dmft in primary school children of Tehran in 2009 and 2010. Eight handred and twenty primary school children of 6-12 years old [boys and girls] in Tehran were randomly selected in this descriptive study and after filling out the forms, underwent dental examinations. The data were analyzed by chi-square and logistic regression tests. The Average dmft in school children was 2/9 +/- 1/81, which had a significant correlation with history of pain, dental visit and frequency of brushing [P=0.0281, 0.0119 and 0.0128], respectively, but there was no significant correlation between tendency for dental visit and dmft [P=0.831]. Also, dmft was affected by history of pain, dental visit and frequency of brushing using regression values of 1.688, -0.893 and -0.593, respectively. There was a significant correlation between consumption of cariogenic diet and dmft. [P=0.0234] Number of siblings and mother's and father's educational stata also had significant correlations with dmft [P=0.0193, 0.0246, 0.0208 respectively]. Number of siblings also had a significant relationship with cariogenic diet and mother's and father's educational stata had significant relationships with the type of diet, respectively [P=0.0319, 0.0257, 0.0197]. Oral health care, history of pain and cariogenic type of diet had direct effect on the rate of dmft. Likewise, dmft increased with increase in the number of siblings and lower level of parents' educational status.