ABSTRACT
To observe the changes in the number of sperms in semen in response to exposure to the electromagnetic radiation [EMR] from cell phones. Experimental comparative study. The study was conducted in Institute of Basic Medical Sciences [IBMS], Animal house of Dow University of Health Sciences [DUHS] and Dow Diagnostic Research and Reference laboratory, Ojha campus. Karachi from February 2011 to October 2011. Seventy male Albino rats obtained from the animal house of IBMS. DUHS, Karachi were divided into two main groups. Group A [control] and Group B [exposed], each containing 35 rats. Both groups were subdivided in five subgroups Al, A2, A3, A4. A5 for control group A and B1, B2, B3, B4, B5 for exposed group B, each consisting of 7 rats. The EMR was given by cell phones to exposed group for 3 hours/day and were sacrificed on 30, 50, 70. 90 and 110 days of exposure. Mean values of concentration of sperm in group A were compared with exposed group B. Statistical analysis was performed by SPSS using One Way Analysis Of Variance to find significance among groups. T-test was used to compare mean differences between groups. The concentration of sperm was found to be significantly decreased in exposed groups. This study concluded that exposure to EMR from cell phones affects the semen quality by producing significant decrease in concentration of sperm
ABSTRACT
[1] To evaluate the risk of malignancy in surgically removed ovarian cysts that was before the operation neither simple nor complex. [2] To determine the relationship of age with type of ovarian tumour. [3] To categorize the management of these cases according to the intra-operative findings. [4] To analyze the occurrence of various histopathological types of tumour. Medline Study Single centered prospective descriptive study of 150 cases. Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at Shaikh Zayed Hospital Lahore from 1st July 2005 to, 31st December 2006. 150 patients presented with adnexal cysts on preoperative ultrasonography, peroperative findings and histopathology reports. These patients were followed up in OPD. Showed the distribution of non-neoplastic and neoplastic tumours which were 84% and 16% respectively. The occurrence of malignancy increased with advancing age especially after 45 years Common presentations were lower abdominal pain [53%] followed by menstrual disturbances [30%], abdominopelvic mass, abdominal distension and infertility. Risk of malignancy also increased with parity. 73% masses were unilateral, 84% benign masses were unilocular whilst 85% malignant masses were echogenic and the complex cysts with papillary projection and multiloculations showed 3-6 times higher risk of malignancy. Most patients were managed by exploratory laparotomy. Cystectomy and total abdominal hysterectomy were the commonest procedures performed. Regarding histopathologic evaluation 40% patients had tumours, 2.66% borderline malignancy and 13.3% malignant. 44% had non-neoplastic lesions. Serous and endometriotic cysts were the commonest benign histopathologic types and among malignant ones, epithelial ovarian tumours were the leading variants. Preoperative characterization of adnexal masses using sonographic and demographic data may have considerable potential in determining risk of malignancy and may be advantageous in terms of counseling patients for management